Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Environmental Sources Marine & Wildlife Remediation Sign in to save

Microplastic aggregation and sinking regulated by harmful alga Chattonella marina: Implications for vertical transport and resuspension

Environmental Pollution 2025 1 citation ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 43 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.

Sudusinghe Kavindu Dhananjaya, Young Kyun Lim, Young Kyun Lim, Young Kyun Lim, Chung Hyeon Lee, Sudusinghe Kavindu Dhananjaya, Young Kyun Lim, Young Kyun Lim, Young Kyun Lim, Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Young Kyun Lim, Young Kyun Lim, Young Kyun Lim, Chung Hyeon Lee, Young Kyun Lim, Young Kyun Lim, Young Kyun Lim, Young Kyun Lim, Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Chung Hyeon Lee, Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Bora Lee, Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Chung Hyeon Lee, Bora Lee, Seung Ho Baek, Seung Ho Baek, Seung Ho Baek, Sang Hee Hong Young Kyun Lim, Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Yejin Kim, Sang Hee Hong Young Kyun Lim, Sang Hee Hong Seung Ho Baek, Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong Sang Hee Hong

Summary

Researchers experimentally studied how a toxic algal bloom species (Chattonella marina) affects the behavior of polyethylene and polypropylene microplastics in seawater, specifically their tendency to clump together and sink. They found that when the algae die and release intracellular material, it binds microplastics into large aggregates that sink faster — but these settled aggregates can resuspend again under cold conditions. This biological mechanism for transporting floating plastics to the seafloor has implications for where microplastics ultimately accumulate in marine ecosystems.

Polymers

PE PP

Microplastics (MPs) are widespread pollutants in marine environments, with their vertical distribution strongly influenced by biological interactions such as aggregation with phytoplankton. This study experimentally examined the effects of the harmful algal bloom (HAB) species Chattonella marina (Raphidophyceae) on the aggregation, sinking, and resuspension of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) MPs. Aggregate formation, MP sinking velocity, and sinking ratio were evaluated over a 92-day period, and the resuspension of settled aggregates was subsequently examined under low-temperature (12 °C) conditions. Aggregation was primarily driven by intracellular materials released during C. marina cell lysis, promoting MP binding and large aggregate formation. Low-density spherical PE particles (PE1.0) exhibited a logistic sinking pattern, reaching a maximum sinking ratio of 9 % with a half-saturation time of 13 days. In contrast, small PP fragments showed negligible sedimentation (<1 %). Aggregate size, sinking velocity, and MP count per aggregate did not differ significantly among spherical PE particles of varying densities (P > 0.05). During the decline phase, larger aggregates sank faster, reaching up to 76.9 m·day<sup>-1</sup>. A strong positive correlation was found between C. marina chlorophyll a (Chl. a) concentration and PE1.0 sinking ratio (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.92, P < 0.05), suggesting Chl. a as a proxy for aggregation-inducing substances during senescence. MP aggregates remained structurally stable for three months under dark, low-temperature conditions, with no degradation or resuspension. Aggregate number remained constant over the final 60 days (P > 0.05), indicating microbial resistance. These findings establish sedimentation thresholds and provide empirical data to improve models of MP vertical flux and fate.

Read via DOI PubMed Download PDF

Share this paper

Post Share Share Pin Email