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Utilization of Used Tires and High-Density Polyethylene Waste for Environmentally Friendly Porous Asphalt Mixtures with Response Surface Methodology Analysis
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Combining recycled tire waste and high-density polyethylene in porous asphalt mixtures at optimized ratios (9-11% outer tire with HDPE) significantly improved structural stability, wear resistance, and void characteristics as determined by response surface methodology. This hybrid approach diverts two major solid waste streams from landfills into durable road infrastructure, offering both environmental and performance benefits over conventional asphalt.
The growing impact of environmental pollution caused by used tire waste and High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) highlights the need to investigate their potential use as alternative building materials. In this study, a porous asphalt mixture was modified with used tire waste (outer and inner tires) and HDPE. Its optimization was conducted employing the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) alongside a Central Composite Design (CCD). The mixture composition was experimentally designed and tested in the laboratory, and performance parameters, including Cantabro Loss (CL), Asphalt Flow Down (AFD), Voids in Mix (VIM), and Marshall stability, were evaluated. The most significant results were achieved by combining a 9-11% outer tire with HDPE; this combination improved the structural stability, decreased the asphalt flow, created ideal voids, and produced excellent wear resistance. Conversely, the mechanical performance degraded due to increased inner tire content owing to unstable viscoelastic properties. The novelty of this research lies in that it integrates two types of solid waste, namely used tires and HDPE, into a single hybrid system in a porous asphalt mixture, which is optimized using a multivariate statistical approach. The research contribution is a predictive model and practical formulation recommendations for sustainable porous asphalt mixtures.
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