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Kentiçi Sucul Ekosistemlerde Ekolojik Bir Yaklaşım: Yapay Yüzen Adalarda Yeşilırmak Deltası Makrofitlerinin Kullanımının Değerlendirilmesi
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Floating island systems planted with native macrophytes from Turkey's Yeşilırmak Delta can reduce nutrients, heavy metals, organic pollutants, and nano/microplastics from urban water bodies through physical filtration and microbial activity in the root zone. This nature-based approach offers a low-cost, ecologically integrated tool for improving water quality in urban freshwater ecosystems.
Su kirliliğinin etkilerine ilişkin artan endişeler ve sürdürülebilir kalkınma ihtiyacı, özellikle yüzey sularındaki besin zenginleşmesini azaltmak için çeşitli yaklaşımların araştırılmasına yol açmıştır. Yüzen adalar, sucul ekosistemlerde azot, fosfor gibi besin elementlerinin, metal(oid)lerin, pestisit, farmasötik gibi organik kirleticilerin ve nano/mikroplastikler gibi güncel pollutantların azaltılmasında ekolojik çözümler sunar. Bu sistemlerde seçilen makrofit türleri, kök-rizom bölgelerinde fiziksel filtrasyon, biyolojik parçalanma ve mikrobiyal aktiviteyi destekleyerek su kalitesinin iyileştirilmesine katkı sağlar. Aynı zamanda sucul ekosistemde biyolojik çeşitliliği artırır. Bu araştırmada, doğal ve yapay yüzen ada kavramı, yapısı ve işlevleri hakkında genel bir değerlendirme yapılıp, Karadeniz Bölgesi’ndeki kent içi su sistemlerinde kurulabilecek yapay yüzen adalarda bölgemizde yaygın bulunan yerel sucul bitki türlerinden örnekler sunularak değerlendirilmiştir. Tatlı su ekosistemlerinde çok önemli işlevleri olan sucul bitkilerin (makrofitler) bulunduğu yüzen adalar, suyun ekolojik durumunu iyileştirirken, atık su ve yağmur suyu arıtımını da içeren çeşitli uygulamalar için potansiyel avantajlara sahiptir. Bu makale en önemli çevre sorunlarının başında gelen su kirliliğini ekolojik bir yaklaşımla çözmek için bitki örtülü yüzen adaların çevreyi iyileştirme ve geliştirme potansiyelini gündeme getirmektedir.
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