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Efektivitas Arang Karbon Aktif Dari Limbah Bahan Pertanian Dalam Menurunkan Polusi Mikroplastik
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Activated carbon derived from agricultural waste—particularly wood-based activated charcoal—removed up to 98.79% of microplastics from irrigation water using column filtration, outperforming non-activated charcoal across multiple particle sizes and shapes. This finding highlights low-cost, agricultural-waste-derived adsorbents as a practical and sustainable approach to reducing microplastic contamination in farming water systems.
Polusi mikroplastik (MPs) semakin meningkat setiap tahun dan hamper dijumpai di lingkungan sekitar terutama perairan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi potensi arang karbon aktif berbasis limbah pertanian dalam mengurangi tingkat mikroplastik pada air irigasi pertanian. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik filtrasi kolom, di mana berbagai bahan baku arang seperti sekam padi, kayu, dan tempurung kelapa diolah dan diuji dalam proses aktivasi untuk menghasilkan karbon aktif. Efektivitas karbon aktif dalam mengurangi mikroplastik diuji dengan menggunakan empat jenis mikroplastik yang berbeda dalam ukuran dan bentuk, dan pengukuran efisiensi dilakukan secara gravimetrik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa arang karbon aktif yang diaktivasi, terutama yang berasal dari kayu (AKK), mampu menghilangkan mikroplastik hingga 98,79%, lebih tinggi dibandingkan arang yang tidak diaktivasi. Proses aktivasi meningkatkan kapasitas adsorpsi karbon aktif, yang terbukti lebih efektif dalam menangani mikroplastik, terutama yang lebih besar dan tidak teratur. Kesimpulannya, arang karbon aktif berbasis limbah pertanian merupakan alternatif yang efektif dan ramah lingkungan dalam mengurangi polusi mikroplastik di sistem pertanian. Penelitian ini memberikan dampak yang signifikan dalam mengatasi polusi mikroplastik yang semakin meningkat di sektor pertanian dan dapat menjadi solusi berkelanjutan untuk pengelolaan air irigasi.
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This review evaluates the potential of carbon materials derived from biomass, such as agricultural waste and wood, for removing microplastics from water. Researchers found that these materials offer advantages including low cost, abundant raw material sources, and effective removal capabilities. The study highlights biomass-derived carbon as a promising sustainable technology for addressing microplastic contamination in aquatic environments.
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