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A Technical Feasibility Assessment of Chemically Recycling PET Fibers Through Glycolysis to Produce Functional Oligoesters
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This study demonstrated the technical feasibility of chemically recycling PET fibers from both high-mass mooring ropes and low-mass textile waste via glycolysis with PEG400, producing functional oligoesters with hydroxyl values suitable for subsequent polyester polyol synthesis. Closing the loop on PET fiber waste — a major source of microplastic-releasing textiles and marine ropes — through chemical recycling reduces environmental plastic burden compared to landfill or incineration.
This study investigated the chemical recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fiber residues from two sources—high-molar mass mooring ropes and low-molar mass textile-grade fibers—to produce functional oligomers. Glycolysis was carried out using polyethylene glycol (PEG400) as the depolymerizing agent, and two catalysts were assessed, zinc acetate and lithium octoate, with the latter reported on for the first time in this application. Reactions were performed for 180 min under mechanical stirring, inert atmosphere, reflux, and controlled heating. The resulting oligomers were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), hydroxyl and acidity indices, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Both PET feedstocks showed high reactivity toward glycolysis. Monitoring the reactions by acidity index indicated that conversion reached equilibrium at approximately 120 min. ATR-FTIR confirmed the formation of ester and hydroxyl groups, consistent with oligomer structures. Glycolysis of PET derived from mooring ropes produced oligoesters with hydroxyl values of 228 and 242 mgKOH/g for zinc acetate and lithium octoate, respectively, and molar masses of 1296 and 1338 g/mol for zinc acetate and lithium octoate, respectively. These values are suitable for subsequent syntheses such as polyester polyol production.
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