Mechanism of polystyrene microplastics facilitating the intestinal absorption of dietary Zn in daphnia under trophic transfer

Chronic and Acute Water-Soluble Microplastics Uptake and Effects on Growth and Reproduction of Daphnia magna

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Researchers found that two water-soluble microplastics — polyvinyl alcohol and polymethacrylic acid — harm the water flea Daphnia magna, reducing lifespan, reproduction, and causing physical deformities, raising concerns about these less-studied plastic types that dissolve in water rather than forming visible particles.

Adverse Effects of Polystyrene Microplastic Exposure on Daphnia magna: a Comprehensive Assessment of Acute Toxicity, Behavioral Changes, and Oxidative Stress

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Comprehensive toxicity testing of polystyrene microplastics on Daphnia magna showed that 1-µm particles were most toxic (48-h LC50: 23.57 mg/L), reducing swimming speed and feeding behavior while triggering oxidative stress markers including elevated malondialdehyde. These behavioral and biochemical endpoints serve as sensitive early-warning biomarkers for ecological risk, highlighting how nanoscale plastics impair the zooplankton that form the base of aquatic food webs.

Microplastic Transformation and Toxicity Effects on Daphnia magna

Polystyrene microplastics: environmental presence, pathways, and biological impact

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Researchers reviewed the environmental presence, transport pathways, and biological impacts of polystyrene microplastics, documenting how widespread food packaging use leads to pervasive contamination of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and raises concerns for organismal and human health.