Accumulation and oxidative stress effect of polypropylene microplastics in grass carp and intervention mechanism of polysaccharides from Opuntia Milpa Alta

The damaging effects of polyethylene microplastics exposure on juvenile carp and the ameliorative role of Opuntia Milpa alta extract

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Researchers exposed juvenile carp to polyethylene microplastics for 45 days, documenting liver damage, inflammation, and gut microbiota disruption, then found that Opuntia cactus extract significantly reduced liver enzyme markers and restored microbial diversity, suggesting natural plant extracts may help counteract microplastic toxicity.

Toxicity Impact of Polyethylene Microplastics on Biochemical Parameters and Oxidative Stress in Benni Fish (Barbus sharpeyi)

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Benni fish exposed to increasing concentrations of polyethylene microplastics showed significant liver enzyme disruption, elevated cholesterol and triglycerides, and clear signs of oxidative damage in their cells. These dose-dependent biochemical changes suggest that microplastic exposure causes systemic physiological stress in fish, raising concerns about the health of species humans consume.

Polyethylene Microplastics Induce Concentration- and Time-Dependent Hematophysiological Impairment and Oxidative Stress Following Tissue Accumulation in Rock Bream (Oplegnathus Fasciatus)

Ecotoxicological Consequences of Microplastics in Aquatic Life

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Researchers reviewed how microplastics — tiny plastic particles under 5mm — harm aquatic ecosystems, documenting that fish, invertebrates, and other marine life can ingest them, leading to physical damage, toxic chemical exposure, and disruptions to feeding and reproduction.

Advances in quantification, degradation and ecotoxicology of microplastics in marine resources

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Researchers reviewed quantification methods, degradation processes, and ecotoxicological effects of microplastics in marine resources, finding that bivalves, fish, and invertebrates accumulate plastic particles that trigger oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and inflammation while current detection methods for nanoplastics remain underdeveloped.