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Aquatic one health framework: Integrating ocean ecosystems and human well-being
Summary
This paper introduces an Aquatic One Health framework that integrates ocean ecosystem health with human and animal wellbeing, discussing how marine pollutants including microplastics form interconnected threats that require coordinated environmental and public health responses.
The concept of linkages between human, animal and environmental health is particularly relevant in the marine realm. The Aquatic One Health (AOH) was introduced as a developing concept with emphasis on overcoming the limitations of One Heath theory in view of raising awareness to specific challenges and potential opportunities highlighted in relation to those species dwelling in the oceans. The Paule D.M. report: The Aquatic One Health A framework for promoting the economic bene?ts of aquatic health knowledge 2015-2025 Summary this overall view paper summaries the status of AOH at present, its utilizations as well as its difficulty in practices form 2015 to 2025. Using case study examples that describe efforts to monitor marine mammal health and monitor harmful algal blooms, and to understand the health impacts of marine pollution on the public and animals, as well as tracking zoonotic disease emergence, we show why an integrated approach to human health and marine health is necessary. This review summarizes critical research gaps, challenges to implementation, and future opportunities in this domain. Our results suggest that the Aquatic One Health concept can provide a strong framework for tackling complex marine health issues but needs stronger cross-sectorial support, better surveillance and more intensified policy integration. We argue that its application is essential for maintaining marine ecosystem health and the provision of benefits to humanity in the face of an everchanging environment.
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