Effect of Waste Mask Fabric Scraps on Strength and Moisture Susceptibility of Asphalt Mixture with Nano-Carbon-Modified Filler

This research investigates the influence of waste mask fabric scraps (WMFSs) and nano-carbon-modified filler (NCMF) on the mechanical characteristics and durability of hot mix asphalt, aiming to improve pavement performance concerning tensile stress, fatigue, and moisture damage using recycled materials. Asphalt mixtures were created with aggregate and WMFS/NCMF at 0.3% and 0.5% weight percentages (relative to aggregate), with fiber lengths of 8, 12, and 18 mm, utilizing a ‘wet mixing’ method where fibers were incrementally added to aggregates during mixing. The samples underwent indirect tensile strength, moisture susceptibility, and Marshall stability testing. The results demonstrated that incorporating WMFSs and NCMF initially enhanced tensile strength, moisture susceptibility resistance, and Marshall stability, reaching an optimal point; beyond this, further fiber addition diminished these properties. Data analysis identified the sample containing 0.3% fibers at a 12 mm length as the superior performer, showcasing the highest ITS and Marshall stability values. Statistical t-tests revealed significant differences between fiber-containing samples and control groups, verifying the beneficial impact of WMFSs and NCMF. Design-Expert software (Design-Expert 12.0.3) was used to develop functional models predicting asphalt properties based on fiber percentage and length. The optimal combination—12 mm fiber length and 0.3% WMFS/NCMF—demonstrated a 33% increase in tensile strength, a 17% improvement in moisture resistance, and a 70% reduction in fatigue deformation. Safety protocols, including thermal decontamination of WMFSs, were implemented to mitigate potential health risks.