Article
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Tier 2
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Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence.
Detection Methods
Marine & Wildlife
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A critical assessment of visual identification of marine microplastic using Raman spectroscopy for analysis improvement
Marine Pollution Bulletin2015
755 citations
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Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count.
Score: 50
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0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Robin Lenz,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Robin Lenz,
Robin Lenz,
Robin Lenz,
Robin Lenz,
Robin Lenz,
Robin Lenz,
Robin Lenz,
Robin Lenz,
Robin Lenz,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Robin Lenz,
Robin Lenz,
Kristina Enders,
Robin Lenz,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Robin Lenz,
Kristina Enders,
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Robin Lenz,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Kristina Enders,
Robin Lenz,
Robin Lenz,
Robin Lenz,
Robin Lenz,
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Robin Lenz,
Robin Lenz,
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Colin A. Stedmon,
Colin A. Stedmon,
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
David M. A. Mackenzie,
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Colin A. Stedmon,
Colin A. Stedmon,
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Kristina Enders,
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Kristina Enders,
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Robin Lenz,
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Robin Lenz,
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Colin A. Stedmon,
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Robin Lenz,
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Torkel Gissel Nielsen
Summary
Researchers critically evaluated the accuracy of visual identification versus Raman spectroscopy for identifying marine microplastics, finding that visual identification alone has significant error rates and that spectroscopic confirmation is necessary for reliable results.
Identification and characterisation of microplastic (MP) is a necessary step to evaluate their concentrations, chemical composition and interactions with biota. MP ≥10μm diameter filtered from below the sea surface in the European and subtropical North Atlantic were simultaneously identified by visual microscopy and Raman micro-spectroscopy. Visually identified particles below 100μm had a significantly lower percentage confirmed by Raman than larger ones indicating that visual identification alone is inappropriate for studies on small microplastics. Sixty-eight percent of visually counted MP (n=1279) were spectroscopically confirmed being plastic. The percentage varied with type, colour and size of the MP. Fibres had a higher success rate (75%) than particles (64%). We tested Raman micro-spectroscopy applicability for MP identification with respect to varying chemical composition (additives), degradation state and organic matter coating. Partially UV-degraded post-consumer plastics provided identifiable Raman spectra for polymers most common among marine MP, i.e. polyethylene and polypropylene.