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Uptake and excretion of polystyrene microplastics in the marine copepod Calanus finmarchicus
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This Norwegian master's thesis studied the uptake and excretion of polystyrene microplastic particles in the marine copepod Calanus finmarchicus, a key species in North Atlantic food webs. The results help quantify how these abundant zooplankton encounter, ingest, and eliminate microplastics, informing models of plastic transfer through the marine food chain.
Studier av opptak og utskillelse av polystyren mikroplast i den marine kopepoden Calanus finmarchicus
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Marine copepods (Calanus helgolandicus) exposed to 20 µm polystyrene beads at 75 particles/mL ingested 11% fewer algal cells and 40% less carbon biomass, and shifted toward smaller prey. Fecundity was also reduced, suggesting microplastic ingestion could impair energy transfer through this critical trophic link.
Microplastic Consumption and Its Effect on Respiration Rate and Motility of Calanus helgolandicus From the Marmara Sea
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Researchers found that the copepod Calanus helgolandicus from the Marmara Sea actively consumed polystyrene microplastic beads of 6, 12, and 26 µm, with the strongest preference for 6 µm beads, and that microplastic ingestion increased respiration rate and reduced motility, indicating energetic costs from plastic consumption.
The Impact of Polystyrene Microplastics on Feeding, Function and Fecundity in the Marine Copepod Calanus helgolandicus
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Researchers exposed a key marine copepod species to polystyrene microplastics and measured the effects on feeding, egg production, and offspring survival. They found that microplastic ingestion significantly reduced the amount of algae the copepods consumed, lowered their reproductive output, and decreased the hatching success of their eggs. Since copepods are a foundational link in marine food webs, these effects could have cascading consequences for ocean ecosystems.
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Arctic copepods (Calanus finmarchicus, C. glacialis, C. hyperboreus) ingested 20 µm polyethylene microspheres but showed no significant negative effects on fecal pellet production, egg production, or hatching at concentrations up to 20,000 MP/L — even under food-limited conditions.
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This study examined how marine coastal copepods ingest and excrete microplastics and assessed their role as vectors for plastic dispersal in the water column. Copepods readily ingested microplastics, retained particles for variable periods depending on size and feeding rate, and excreted aggregated fecal pellets that could redistribute plastics vertically in the ocean.
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