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Article
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AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button.
Tier 2
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Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence.
Environmental Sources
Marine & Wildlife
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Does heat stress increase the susceptibility of marine bivalves to microplastic pollution
Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja)
2018
Mark Lenz,
Martin Wahl
Summary
Researchers investigated the effects of PVC microplastics on apoptosis (programmed cell death) pathways in zebrafish embryos and larvae. PVC exposure activated caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways in gill and liver tissues, with gene expression changes suggesting oxidative stress as the primary initiating mechanism.