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Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Marine & Wildlife Sign in to save

Formation of microplastics by polychaetes (Marphysa sanguinea) inhabiting expanded polystyrene marine debris

Marine Pollution Bulletin 2018 102 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 40 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Won Joon Shim Mi Jang, Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Mi Jang, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Young Kyoung Song, Sang Hee Hong, Young Kyoung Song, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Sang Hee Hong, Mi Jang, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Mi Jang, Gi Myung Han, Mi Jang, Gi Myung Han, Mi Jang, Gi Myung Han, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Gi Myung Han, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Young Kyoung Song, Sang Hee Hong, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Young Kyoung Song, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Young Kyoung Song, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Young Kyoung Song, Gi Myung Han, Young Kyoung Song, Gi Myung Han, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Gi Myung Han, Mi Jang, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Young Kyoung Song, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Mi Jang, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Won Joon Shim Young Kyoung Song, Gi Myung Han, Young Kyoung Song, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Mi Jang, Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Young Kyoung Song, Won Joon Shim Mi Jang, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Mi Jang, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Mi Jang, Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Won Joon Shim

Summary

Researchers found that polychaete worms (Marphysa sanguinea) inhabiting expanded polystyrene marine debris actively fragment the material, with lab experiments showing a single individual can produce hundreds of thousands of EPS microplastic particles per year. The study reveals marine invertebrates as a previously underappreciated biological driver of microplastic generation from larger plastic debris.

Polymers
PS
Body Systems
Digestive
Study Type Environmental

Fragmentation of large plastic debris into smaller particles results in increasing microplastic concentrations in the marine environment. In plastic debris fragmentation processes, the influence of biological factors remains largely unknown. This study investigated the fragmentation of expanded polystyrene (EPS) debris by polychaetes (Marphysa sanguinea) living on the debris. A large number of EPS particles (131 ± 131 particles/individual, 0.2-3.8 mm in length) were found in the digestive tracts of burrowing polychaetes living on EPS debris. To confirm the formation of microplastics by polychaetes and identify the quantity and morphology of produced microplastics, polychaetes were exposed to EPS blocks in filtered seawater under laboratory conditions. Polychaetes burrowed into the blocks and created numerous EPS microplastic particles, indicating that a single polychaete can produce hundreds of thousands of microplastic particles per year. These results reveal the potential role of marine organisms as microplastic producers in the marine environment.

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