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Interaction of Rhodamine 6G with Biodegradable Poly(lactic Acid) Nanoparticles: A Suitable Analytical Strategy for the Detection of Nanoplastics in Water

ACS Applied Polymer Materials 2025
M. Andrea Molina Torres, Janet de los Angeles Chinellato Díaz, Facundo Mattea, Marcelo R. Romero, Natalia L. Pacioni

Summary

Researchers found that poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles (70 nm) quench rhodamine 6G fluorescence via static complex formation in the ground state, with Stern-Volmer sensitivity increasing 1.88-fold over 5 minutes due to conformational changes, enabling a sensitive analytical method for detecting nanoplastics in aqueous systems.

Polymers
Study Type Environmental

Poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles (PLA-NP) with an average size of 70 nm, effectively quench the fluorescence emission of rhodamine 6G via static quenching. This process occurs as a result of forming a nonfluorescent complex in the ground state. The determined Stern–Volmer constant depends on the incubation time, being 1.88 times more sensitive at 5 min compared to 1 min, attributed to conformational changes after the rhodamine binds to the nanoparticle surface. The decrease in the fluorescence signal was employed as the analytical strategy for detecting and quantifying PLA-NP in aqueous systems, achieving a limit of detection of 26.5 pM. The accuracy of the determination was demonstrated with 95% confidence by recovery assays (90%–110%) in spiked samples of surface river water. This method represents a promising tool for researchers and environmental scientists dedicated to monitoring and mitigating water pollution caused by nanoplastics.

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