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Occurrence of microplastics in raw and treated drinking water

The Science of The Total Environment 2018 1073 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 60 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.

Martin Pivokonský, Lenka Čermáková, Lenka Čermáková, Martin Pivokonský, Martin Pivokonský, Kateřina Novotná, Kateřina Novotná, Kateřina Novotná, Kateřina Novotná, Kateřina Novotná, Kateřina Novotná, Lenka Čermáková, Tomáš Cajthaml Lenka Čermáková, Kateřina Novotná, Lenka Čermáková, Kateřina Novotná, Tomáš Cajthaml Lenka Čermáková, Lenka Čermáková, Lenka Čermáková, Kateřina Novotná, Kateřina Novotná, Kateřina Novotná, Kateřina Novotná, Petra Peer, Kateřina Novotná, Lenka Čermáková, Kateřina Novotná, Kateřina Novotná, Lenka Čermáková, Kateřina Novotná, Martin Pivokonský, Martin Pivokonský, Lenka Čermáková, Lenka Čermáková, Martin Pivokonský, Kateřina Novotná, Lenka Čermáková, Lenka Čermáková, Lenka Čermáková, Lenka Čermáková, Lenka Čermáková, Martin Pivokonský, Tomáš Cajthaml Petra Peer, Tomáš Cajthaml Martin Pivokonský, Tomáš Cajthaml Tomáš Cajthaml Tomáš Cajthaml Tomáš Cajthaml Martin Pivokonský, V. Janda, Martin Pivokonský, Martin Pivokonský, Martin Pivokonský, Martin Pivokonský, Martin Pivokonský, Martin Pivokonský, Martin Pivokonský, Martin Pivokonský, Tomáš Cajthaml Tomáš Cajthaml Tomáš Cajthaml Tomáš Cajthaml Tomáš Cajthaml

Summary

Researchers analyzed raw and treated water from three water treatment plants and found microplastics in all samples, though treatment reduced particle counts by roughly 70 to 80 percent. The vast majority of detected particles were smaller than 10 micrometers, a size range often missed by other studies. The findings highlight that while water treatment removes most microplastics, very small particles can still pass through conventional filtration systems.

Polymers

PE PET PP

Study Type Environmental

The study investigates the content of microplastic particles in freshwater and drinking water. Specifically, three water treatment plants (WTPs) supplied by different kinds of water bodies were selected and their raw and treated water was analysed for microplastics (MPs). Microplastics were found in all water samples and their average abundance ranged from 1473 ± 34 to 3605 ± 497 particles L in raw water and from 338 ± 76 to 628 ± 28 particles L in treated water, depending on the WTP. This study is one of very few that determine microplastics down to the size of 1 μm, while MPs smaller than 10 μm were the most plentiful in both raw and treated water samples, accounting for up to 95%. Further, MPs were divided into three categories according to their shape. Fragments clearly prevailed at two of the WTPs and fibres together with fragments predominated at one case. Despite 12 different materials forming the microplastics being identified, the majority of the MPs (>70%) comprised of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PP (polypropylene) and PE (polyethylene). This study contributes to fill the knowledge gap in the field of emerging microplastic pollution of drinking water and water sources, which is of concern due to the potential exposure of microplastics to humans.

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