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Horizontal and Vertical Distribution of Microplastics in Korean Coastal Waters

Environmental Science & Technology 2018 320 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 45 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Atsuhiko Isobe, Young Kyoung Song, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Young Kyoung Song, Atsuhiko Isobe, Young Kyoung Song, Atsuhiko Isobe, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Atsuhiko Isobe, Sang Hee Hong, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Gi Myung Han, Atsuhiko Isobe, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Young Kyoung Song, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Mi Jang, Atsuhiko Isobe, Young Kyoung Song, Sang Hee Hong, Young Kyoung Song, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Young Kyoung Song, Atsuhiko Isobe, Soeun Eo, Sang Hee Hong, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Soeun Eo, Sang Hee Hong, Soeun Eo, Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Young Kyoung Song, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Young Kyoung Song, Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Sang Hee Hong, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Young Kyoung Song, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Soeun Eo, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Atsuhiko Isobe, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Young Kyoung Song, Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Atsuhiko Isobe, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Young Kyoung Song, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Atsuhiko Isobe, Gi Myung Han, Young Kyoung Song, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Atsuhiko Isobe, Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Atsuhiko Isobe, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Young Kyoung Song, Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Young Kyoung Song, Won Joon Shim Young Kyoung Song, Mi Jang, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Atsuhiko Isobe, Mi Jang, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Atsuhiko Isobe, Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Young Kyoung Song, Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Young Kyoung Song, Sang Hee Hong, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Atsuhiko Isobe, Young Kyoung Song, Atsuhiko Isobe, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Atsuhiko Isobe, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Atsuhiko Isobe, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Mi Jang, Sang Hee Hong, Atsuhiko Isobe, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Atsuhiko Isobe, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Atsuhiko Isobe, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Atsuhiko Isobe, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Atsuhiko Isobe, Mi Jang, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Gi Myung Han, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Atsuhiko Isobe, Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Young Kyoung Song, Young Kyoung Song, Atsuhiko Isobe, Atsuhiko Isobe, Won Joon Shim

Summary

The first study to examine vertical distribution of microplastics in South Korean coastal waters found that particles were present throughout the water column from the surface to depths of 58 meters, with concentrations varying by size and location. The results indicate that microplastic contamination is not confined to the surface and affects organisms at all depths in semi-enclosed bays.

Polymers
PE PP

This is the first survey to investigate the vertical distribution and composition of microplastics >20 μm at the surface (0-0.2 m; bulk sample) and in the water column (3-58 m depth; pump) of six semi-enclosed bays and two nearshore areas of South Korea. The average microplastic abundance of 41 stations at all sampling depths was 871 particles/m<sup>3</sup>, and the microplastic abundance near urban areas (1051 particles/m<sup>3</sup>) was significantly higher than that near rural areas (560 particles/m<sup>3</sup>). Although the average microplastic abundances in the midcolumn (423 particles/m<sup>3</sup>) and bottom water (394 particles/m<sup>3</sup>) were approximately 4 times lower than that of surface water (1736 particles/m<sup>3</sup>), microplastics prevailed throughout the water column in concentrations of 10-2000 particles/m<sup>3</sup>. The average sizes of fragment and fiber type microplastics were 197 and 752 μm, respectively. Although the polymer composition differed by depth depending on the particle size and density, polypropylene and polyethylene predominated throughout the water column regardless of their low density and particle size. Finally, the middle and bottom water samples contained higher abundances of microplastics than predicted by a model based on physical mixing, indicating that biological interactions also influence the downward movement of low-density microplastics.

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