Humic acid alleviates the toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastic particles toDaphnia magna

Summary

Daphnia magna were exposed to polystyrene nanoplastics with and without humic acid, finding that humic acid significantly reduced nanoplastic toxicity by altering particle aggregation and distribution within the organism. The study demonstrates that natural organic matter in water can modulate nanoplastic bioavailability, with implications for risk assessment under realistic environmental conditions.