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Effects of a Marine Environmental Education Program Using Discussion and Debate Techniques on Environmental Literacy and Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students
Original title: 토의 . 토론 기법을 활용한 해양환경교육 프로그램이 초등학생의 환경소양 및 비판적 사고력에 미치는 영향
Summary
Korean researchers developed a marine environmental education program for elementary school students using discussion and debate techniques. The program covered topics including microplastic pollution, nuclear accidents, and marine biodiversity, and improved students' environmental literacy and critical thinking.
In this study, we developed a marine environmental education program using discussing and debating techniques. We applied the program to 29 students in fourth graders of elementary school to find out the impact on environmental literacy and critical thinking ability. The contents of the program contain marine and marine ecosystems, pollution of the marine environment(microplastics, nuclear power plant accident, oil spilled disaster, etc.) endangered marine life, development and protection, harmony between human and marine environment. We designed the class using appropriate discussing and debating techniques for each subject. The results of the study were as follows: First, marine environmental education programs using discussing and debating techniques were effective in improving the environmental literacy of elementary school students. Significant improvements were made in the affective, cognitive, and behavioral areas of environmental literacy after applying the program to classes. Second, marine environmental education programs using discussing and debating techniques were effective in enhancing critical thinking functions of elementary school students. Third, marine environmental education programs using discussing and debating techniques have a positive effect on the critical thinking tendencies of elementary school students. As shown above, marine environmental education programs using discussing and debating techniques have had positive effects on the environmental literacy of elementary school students and their critical thinking skills.