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Évaluation de risques environnementaux de micro et macroplastiques en interaction avec des nanoparticules métalliques ou du cadmium sur les organismes aquatiques.
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This doctoral thesis investigated the ecotoxicological effects of microplastics, biodegradable plastics, and metal nanoparticles on marine organisms including oysters, microalgae, and copepods in estuarine and coastal environments. It found synergistic interactions between these pollutants that increased toxicity beyond individual exposures.
This study aims to understand the ecotoxicological mechanisms associated with pollution in estuarine and coastal environments, in a context where marine pollution, particularly plastic pollution, is a real environmental, health and social issue. The originality of this work lies in the analysis of interactions between different pollutants (heavy metals, metallic nanoparticles, microplastics, biodegradable plastics) and marine organisms: M. gigas (filter-feeding bivalve), T. isochrysis and P. tricornutum (phytoplankton). The processes of transformation, adsorption, trophic transfer and toxicity were studied under realistic environmental conditions. The results revealed that PBAT degradation products bind to cadmium, reducing its bioavailability and toxicity, including within food chains. The physiological and morphological responses observed in the two microalgae studied confirm the induction of oxidative stress in the presence of the studied pollutants. Exposure measurements reveal that contamination can be transmitted via the food chain, highlighting its potential implications for human health as part of the “One Health” approach. Finally, the innovative protocols developed enable dose-response relationships to be reconstructed despite the absence of pollution-free control environments. New and robust scientific information is provided on the fate and impact of pollutants in coastal environments. They underline theimportance of considering their life cycle when assessing biological risks.
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Researchers examined how polyethylene microplastics absorb and release cadmium, a toxic heavy metal, in freshwater conditions, finding that acidic environments can cause near-complete release of cadmium back into the water. This raises concern that microplastics carrying heavy metals could deliver those toxins to aquatic organisms through their digestive systems.
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This review examined how microplastics interact with heavy metals in aquatic environments, showing that temperature, pH, salinity, polymer type, and particle size modulate adsorption, desorption, and combined toxicity, with MPs acting as mobile heavy metal carriers throughout aquatic food webs. Understanding the synergistic toxicity of MPs and heavy metals is essential because their combined effects on aquatic organisms—and on humans consuming contaminated seafood—likely exceed the hazard of either pollutant alone.
Molecular impacts of nanoplastics combined with arsenic, comparative effects between Caribbean oysters (Isognomon alatus) and Canadian oysters (Crassostrea virginica) exposed via trophic route.
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This French-language thesis investigated the molecular effects of nanoplastics combined with arsenic on two oyster species — Caribbean (Isognomon alatus) and Canadian (Crassostrea virginica). The research found that nanoplastics can increase arsenic bioavailability in filter-feeding bivalves, amplifying heavy metal toxicity through co-exposure.
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This dissertation examines how micro- and nanoplastics interact with heavy metals in natural environments, developing material models to understand their sorption properties. Since plastics can act as carriers for toxic metals — concentrating and transporting them through ecosystems — the research has important implications for understanding combined pollution risks.
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When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.