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Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Human Health Effects Sign in to save

Potential toxicity of polystyrene microplastic particles

Scientific Reports 2020 630 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 60 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Jangsun Hwang, Daheui Choi, Jangsun Hwang, Seora Han, Daheui Choi, Daheui Choi, Daheui Choi, Daheui Choi, Seora Han, Daheui Choi, Daheui Choi, Jangsun Hwang, Daheui Choi, Seora Han, Seora Han, Seora Han, Seora Han, Jinkee Hong, Daheui Choi, Daheui Choi, Jonghoon Choi Se Yong Jung, Seora Han, Seora Han, Jangsun Hwang, Seora Han, Seora Han, Jonghoon Choi Jonghoon Choi Jonghoon Choi Jonghoon Choi Jonghoon Choi Jonghoon Choi Jonghoon Choi Jinkee Hong, Se Yong Jung, Jinkee Hong, Jinkee Hong, Se Yong Jung, Jinkee Hong, Jonghoon Choi Jonghoon Choi Jonghoon Choi Jonghoon Choi Jonghoon Choi Jonghoon Choi Jinkee Hong, Jinkee Hong, Jinkee Hong, Jonghoon Choi Jinkee Hong, Jonghoon Choi Jinkee Hong, Jinkee Hong, Jinkee Hong, Jonghoon Choi

Summary

Researchers investigated the cellular-level toxicity of polystyrene microplastic particles and found that they stimulated immune responses in a size- and concentration-dependent manner. The particles triggered the production of cytokines and chemokines, which are signaling molecules involved in inflammation. The study challenges the common assumption that microplastics pose minimal risk to human health, suggesting they may have immunological effects upon direct contact with cells.

Polymers
Body Systems

Environmental pollution arising from plastic waste is a major global concern. Plastic macroparticles, microparticles, and nanoparticles have the potential to affect marine ecosystems and human health. It is generally accepted that microplastic particles are not harmful or at best minimal to human health. However direct contact with microplastic particles may have possible adverse effect in cellular level. Primary polystyrene (PS) particles were the focus of this study, and we investigated the potential impacts of these microplastics on human health at the cellular level. We determined that PS particles were potential immune stimulants that induced cytokine and chemokine production in a size-dependent and concentration-dependent manner.

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