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Semi-quantitative methods for characterization of microplastics in water
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This Croatian thesis reviews semi-quantitative methods for characterizing microplastics in water environments. The author examines approaches that provide quantitative or semi-quantitative data on particle abundance, size, shape, and chemical composition.
Plastika je izdržljiv, čvrst materijal visoke kakvoće i niske cijene proizvodnje. Sveprisutnost mikroplastike u vodenom okolišu posljedica je masovne proizvodnje plastike. Kada plastični predmet izgubi svoju funkciju, postaje otpad i vrlo često u konačnici završi u vodi gdje može plutati na površini, lebdjeti ili se slegnuti na dno. Kvantitativne metode su metode koje prikupljaju i analiziraju podatke s ciljem dobivanja brojčanog opisa predmeta istraživanja. Karakterizacija vrste plastike (veličina, oblik, vrsta polimera) otežana je ukoliko se koristi samo jedna analitička metoda. Stoga se često kombiniraju više od dvije tehnike. Proučavanjem mikroplastike u biotskom i abiotskom okolišu dobiva se status i razina zagađenja te izloženost organizama zagađenju. Negativna osobina plastike jest sposobnost adsorpcije toksičnih tvari na površini – vodeni organizmi gutaju plastiku iz vode čime ona (a time i potencijalno toksične supstance) ulazi u prehrambeni lanac. U ovom radu bit će dan pregled najčešćih vrsta mikroplastike te kvantitativnih metoda njihove karakterizacije u vodenim ekosustavima.
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