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Bioaccumulation and reproductive effects of fluorescent microplastics in medaka fish
Summary
This study exposed both freshwater and marine medaka fish to fluorescent polystyrene microplastics for three weeks, finding bioaccumulation in multiple tissues and reduced reproductive output in freshwater medaka, with bioaccumulation factors differing between the two species.
This study was performed to elucidate the uptake and bioaccumulation of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) in Japanese medaka (freshwater fish) and Java medaka (marine fish), and to assess its impacts on the survival, reproduction, and gene expression of Japanese medaka. Both species were exposed to 2-μm fluorescent PS-MPs (10 beads/L) for 3 weeks. The bioaccumulation factor of PS-MPs for Java medaka was calculated at about 4 × 10, higher than that for Japanese medaka (about 1 × 10). The exposure had no significant effects on the survival and reproduction of Japanese medaka. The mRNA sequencing analysis showed that the expression of a few genes involved in the cell adhesion, xenobiotic metabolic process, brain development, and other functions in medaka intestines significantly changed after exposure. These results suggest that virgin PS-MPs can potentially accumulate in medaka intestines, but has limited toxicity to Japanese medaka at the concentration up to 10 beads/L.