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Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Marine & Wildlife Sign in to save

Relative importance of aqueous leachate versus particle ingestion as uptake routes for microplastic additives (hexabromocyclododecane) to mussels

Environmental Pollution 2020 49 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 45 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Youna Cho, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Mi Jang, Sang Hee Hong, Mi Jang, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Mi Jang, Won Joon Shim Youna Cho, Mi Jang, Yelim Moon, Yelim Moon, Youna Cho, Youna Cho, Youna Cho, Youna Cho, Youna Cho, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Youna Cho, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Youna Cho, Youna Cho, Youna Cho, Gi Myung Han, Youna Cho, Youna Cho, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Youna Cho, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Won Joon Shim Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Youna Cho, Youna Cho, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Youna Cho, Youna Cho, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Mi Jang, Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Mi Jang, Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Mi Jang, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Yelim Moon, Mi Jang, Yelim Moon, Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Mi Jang, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Youna Cho, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Sang Hee Hong, Sang Hee Hong, Mi Jang, Sang Hee Hong, Mi Jang, Gi Myung Han, Mi Jang, Youna Cho, Youna Cho, Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Gi Myung Han, Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim Won Joon Shim

Summary

This study compared how much chemical contamination in aquatic organisms comes from dissolving chemicals in water versus direct ingestion of microplastic particles. Results indicated that the relative importance of particle ingestion versus aqueous leachate as an uptake route depends on chemical hydrophobicity and microplastic concentrations.

Polymers
PS
Models
Invertebrate other

Microplastic pollution is emerging as a global environmental issue, and its potential for transferring hazardous chemicals to aquatic organisms is gaining attention. Studies have investigated the transfer of chemicals, mainly sorbed chemicals, through ingestion of microplastics by organisms, but limited information is available regarding chemical additives and uptake via the aqueous route through plastic leaching. In this study, we compared two bioaccumulation pathways of the additive hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) by exposing mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) to two different sizes of expanded polystyrene (EPS): inedible size (4.2-5.5 mm) for leachate uptake and edible size (20-770 μm) for particle ingestion and leachate uptake. Over 10 days, the HBCD concentration increased significantly in mussels in the EPS exposure groups, indicating that EPS microplastic acts as a source of HBCD to mussels. The concentration and isomeric profiles of HBCD in mussels show that uptake through the aqueous phase is a more significant pathway for bioaccumulation of HBCD from EPS to mussels than particle ingestion. HBCD levels measured in EPS, leachate and exposed mussels from this study are environmentally relevant concentration. The fate and effects of chemical additives leached from plastic debris in ecosystem requires further investigation, as it may affect numerous environments and organisms through the aqueous phase.

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