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Benzyl butyl phthalate activates prophage, threatening the stable operation of waste activated sludge anaerobic digestion

The Science of The Total Environment 2021 21 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 45 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.

Yang Yang, Qiuxiang Xu, Rui Gong, Yang Yang, Yang Yang, Xiang Tang, Xiang Tang, Qiuxiang Xu, Xiang Tang, Xiaoya Ren, Wenjun Wang, Xiaoya Ren, Yang Yang, Yang Yang, Biao Song, Man Zhou, Yang Yang, Wenjun Wang, Yang Yang, Man Zhou, Biao Song, Biao Song, Biao Song, Biao Song, Biao Song, Xiang Tang, Xiang Tang, Yang Yang, Biao Song, Changzheng Fan, Changzheng Fan, Biao Song, Biao Song, Yang Yang, Biao Song, Zhaohui Yang, Zhaohui Yang, Biao Song, Zhaohui Yang Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Biao Song, Biao Song, Biao Song, Biao Song, Chengyun Zhou, Chengyun Zhou, Changzheng Fan, Changzheng Fan, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Changzheng Fan, Biao Song, Chengyun Zhou, Biao Song, Qiuxiang Xu, Biao Song, Xiaoya Ren, Man Zhou, Biao Song, Biao Song, Qiuxiang Xu, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Changzheng Fan, Xiaoya Ren, Biao Song, Biao Song, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Chengyun Zhou, Man Zhou, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Man Zhou, Chengyun Zhou, Biao Song, Rui Gong, Guangming Zeng, Yang Yang, Chengyun Zhou, Qiuxiang Xu, Biao Song, Yang Yang, Wenjun Wang, Yang Yang, Wenjun Wang, Yang Yang, Zhaohui Yang, Chengyun Zhou, Chengyun Zhou, Qiuxiang Xu, Qiuxiang Xu, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Biao Song, Xiaoya Ren, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Xiaoya Ren, Yang Yang, Yang Yang, Xiaoya Ren, Zhaohui Yang, Wenjun Wang, Wenjun Wang, Xiaoya Ren, Guangming Zeng, Yang Yang, Guangming Zeng, Yang Yang, Zhaohui Yang, Yang Yang, Wenjun Wang, Yang Yang, Zhaohui Yang Xiaoya Ren, Wenjun Wang, Xiaoya Ren, Wenjun Wang, Xiaoya Ren, Xiaoya Ren, Yang Yang, Xiaoya Ren, Xiaoya Ren, Xiaoya Ren, Xiaoya Ren, Xiang Tang, Biao Song, Chengyun Zhou, Yang Yang, Zhaohui Yang, Wenjun Wang, Zhaohui Yang Biao Song, Zhaohui Yang, Zhaohui Yang Zhaohui Yang, Zhaohui Yang Zhaohui Yang, Chengyun Zhou, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Guangming Zeng, Xiaoya Ren, Xiaoya Ren, Wenjun Wang, Zhaohui Yang, Zhaohui Yang

Summary

Researchers found that the plasticizer benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) — increasingly released into sludge via microplastic degradation — disrupts anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge by activating dormant prophages that cause delayed cell lysis, impairing methane production and altering the community of key microbial players in the digestion process.

The stable operation of the anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS) is threatened by numerous emerging contaminants. Meanwhile, the extensive microplastic pollution increased the environmental exposure risk of plasticizer benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), the BBP content has reached a substantial level in WAS. However, the effect of BBP on WAS anaerobic digestion is still unknown. Here we show that high-level BBP brings on anaerobic digestion upset. The presence of 10.0 mg/L BBP (in sludge with 17,640 ± 510 mg/L TSS) led to deferred cell lysis, which was confirmed by the results of continuous parallel factor analysis of dissolved organic matter and the liberation of lactate dehydrogenase. Further, the deferred cell rupture was confirmed associate with prophage activation during WAS anaerobic digestion. Besides solubilization, the hydrolysis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis were also affected by the addition of BBP. The long-term effects of BBP revealed that the dominant microbial structure in anaerobic digester was stable, but the abundance of many functional microorganisms was changed, including short chain fatty acid producers and consumers. This work highlights one of the susceptibility mechanisms for WAS anaerobic digestion processes and provides new perspectives for the comprehensive assessment of emerging contaminant's environmental risks.

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