Adsorption and desorption behaviors of antibiotics by tire wear particles and polyethylene microplastics with or without aging processes

Tire wear particles (TWP), as the significant proportion of microplastics (MPs), has adsorbed much attention due to its widespread presence in aquatic ecosystem. However, compared with traditional MPs, few studies have investigated the interaction between TWP and coexisting contaminants. The adsorption-desorption behavior of chlortetracycline (CTC) and amoxicillin (AMX) by original and aged TWP was studied, and polyethylene (PE) was studied for comparison. After aging, small holes and cracks were produced on the surfaces of the TWP and PE. Meanwhile, the specific surface areas (S) of TWP and PE increased, but the aged TWP had a larger S than the aged PE, which indicated that TWP was more likely to degrade than PE. The adsorption kinetics results showed that the adsorption of CTC and AMX by TWP and PE conformed to the pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption isotherm results showed that the Freundlich model could describe the adsorption isotherm data of TWP and PE. The adsorption capacity of antibiotics by TWP increased by 1.13-23.40 times, and by 1.08-14.24 times on PE, after aging. Desorption experiments showed that the desorption amount of antibiotics on TWP and PE in simulated gastric fluid was greater than that in ultrapure water. The desorption amount and rate of CTC and AMX from TWP were higher than those of PE, indicating that TWP might be more harmful to the aquatic environment and organisms. These findings indicated that, compared with PE, TWP might have stronger carrier effects on antibiotics, which might pose more serious potential risks to the aquatic environment and organisms, especially considering the effects of the aging process. This study would expand the research on environmental risk of MPs and contribute to providing new insights into the evaluation of tire material particles.