Polystyrene microplastics-triggered mitophagy and oxidative burst via activation of PERK pathway

Molecular mechanisms of microplastics toxicity

Microplastics and nanoplastics in human health: a comprehensive review of exposure pathways, cellular mechanisms, and toxicological implications

AI summary · Read the abstract

Researchers reviewed human exposure pathways to microplastics and nanoplastics through seafood, salt, drinking water, inhalation, and skin contact, examining how these particles cross biological barriers to reach organs and trigger oxidative stress, inflammation, and endocrine disruption with poorly understood long-term consequences.

Cellular and Animal Toxicities of Micro- and Nanoplastics

AI summary · Read the abstract

Researchers reviewed evidence from cell and animal studies on the toxic effects of micro- and nanoplastics, finding that these particles can cause inflammation, oxidative stress, and organ damage in laboratory models, raising concern about what chronic low-level human exposure might mean for long-term health.

The Effects of Microplastics on Human Health: at the Cellular Level

Cellular Uptake, Transport, and Organelle Response After Exposure to Microplastics and Nanoplastics: Current Knowledge and Perspectives for Environmental and Health Risks

AI summary · Read the abstract

Microplastics and nanoplastics enter cells through endocytosis and passive diffusion, then travel through organelles including endosomes, autophagosomes, and lysosomes, ultimately causing toxicity in mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus, and cytoskeleton. Understanding these cellular uptake pathways and organelle-level damage mechanisms is critical for accurately assessing the human health risks of chronic microplastic exposure.