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Potential Threats of Nanoplastic Accumulation in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Researchers investigated whether nanoplastics accumulate in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)—cells that can develop into any tissue type—finding that nanoplastics entered the cells and affected their behavior. This raises concern that nanoplastic exposure could potentially disrupt tissue development and regeneration.
Abstract Background: Micro- and nanoplastics (NPs) produced from the bulk fragmentation are rampant in the world by enormous plastic trash everyday life. NPs can be exposed to humans through a variety of routes, including inhalation and intake. The threat to humans from NPs is increasing invisibly. Nowadays, many people are concerned about human safety and health, but few are reported about the effects of NP on humans. To overcome the limitations in human studies, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) were used as an optimal in vitro platform to investigate developmental toxicology and subtle changes on cellular functions in terms of differentiation potential throughout a long-term culture. Results: Negatively charged polystyrene nanoplastics (PS NPs) were used to exclude acute toxic issues of surface charge and investigate the impact of the NP's size and nature during bioaccumulation. Intracellular observations revealed that NPs up to 1000 nm were over-internalized into single cells within 48 h, and smaller NPs demonstrated greater potency at decreasing number of viable cells by a strong correlation with the number of NPs on an equal mass basis. Also, PS NPs caused a significant reduction in self-renewal capacity of hiPSCs for 48 h. After the cells were exposed to PS NPs for 48 to 96 h at the beginning of the differentiation process, NPs accumulated in hiPSC did not render cellular functions vulnerable or adversely affect EB formation, EB-mediated differentiation, and neural lineage differentiation for up to 14 days. Conclusion : This study confirmed that hiPSC exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics results in acute toxicity and non-significant long-term effects on cellular functions. This report is important for understanding the developmental toxicology of nanoplastics and the origin of disease.
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Potential threats of nanoplastic accumulation in human induced pluripotent stem cells
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Researchers found that polystyrene nanoplastics accumulated in human induced pluripotent stem cells over long-term exposure, causing subtle changes in cell differentiation and raising concerns about nanoplastic threats to human developmental biology.
Polystyrene nanoplastics affect transcriptomic and epigenomic signatures of human fibroblasts and derived induced pluripotent stem cells: Implications for human health
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Researchers found that polystyrene nanoplastics altered transcriptomic and epigenomic signatures in human fibroblasts and derived induced pluripotent stem cells, demonstrating that plastic particle exposure can cause lasting molecular changes with potential implications for human health.
Internalization and toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics on inmortalized human neural stem cells
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Researchers tested 30-nanometer polystyrene particles on human neural stem cells grown in the lab and found the particles entered the cells, accumulated inside them, and triggered cell death. The nanoplastics also slowed cell growth but did not penetrate the cell nucleus. This study provides direct evidence that nanoplastics could harm the brain's stem cells, raising concerns about potential effects on brain development.
Time- and dose-dependent toxicity profiles and molecular correspondence of nanoplastics in human embryonic stem cells (H9)
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Researchers exposed human embryonic stem cells to polystyrene and PVC nanoplastics and found time- and dose-dependent toxicity driven by reactive oxygen species, with PVC uniquely upregulating pluripotency genes Nanog and Sox2 while weakening p38 MAPK signaling, suggesting nanoplastics may alter early developmental gene networks.
Developmental toxicity of microplastics in human stem cells using adverse outcome pathway based integrated approaches to testing and assessment approach
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Researchers applied an Integrated Approaches to Testing and Assessment framework to evaluate the developmental toxicity of polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics using human embryonic stem cells. They found that stem cells took up the plastic particles and showed size-dependent cytotoxicity and effects on germ layer differentiation. The study provides a structured, non-animal testing framework for assessing developmental risks from emerging contaminants like micro- and nanoplastics.
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