0
Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Detection Methods Environmental Sources Human Health Effects Marine & Wildlife Nanoplastics Sign in to save

Characterization, occurrence, environmental behaviors, and risks of nanoplastics in the aquatic environment: Current status and future perspectives

Fundamental Research 2021 34 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 50 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Junyu Wang, Xiaoli Zhao, Fengchang Wu, Lin Niu, Zhi Tang, Weigang Liang, Tianhui Zhao, Mengyuan Fang, Hongzhan Wang, Xiaolei Wang

Summary

This review characterized the occurrence, environmental behavior, and toxicity of nanoplastics in aquatic systems, noting that their small size gives them unique properties — including higher surface reactivity and greater bioavailability — that make them potentially more hazardous than larger microplastics, while also harder to detect.

Polymers
Models

Microplastics (MPs) are emerging contaminants that have attracted worldwide attention in recent years. Compared with MPs, nanoplastics (NPs) may exhibit greater toxicity and higher potential risks because of their unique physiochemical nanoscale properties. However, the environmental fate, ecosystem toxicity, and potential risks associated with NPs have been less explored. This study summarizes the current research status of NPs through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis. The research hotspots and future trends of NPs were identified. We comprehensively searched the Web of Science Core Collection scientific database from its inception (2004) to November 26, 2020. The results showed that the number of papers on NPs has increased significantly since 2014. The keywords used in NP research were divided into three clusters. Cluster 1 related to the physical, chemical, and biological behaviors of NPs in aquatic environments. Cluster 2 represented a relatively new and hot research field concerning the exposure, accumulation, and toxicity of NPs in organisms. Cluster 3 corresponded to the identification and quantification of NPs in marine environments and sediments. Moreover, we systematically elaborated the main areas of NP research, such as the characterization, occurrence, environmental behavior, ecological toxicity, and human health risks of NPs. The results showed that the quantification of NPs at environmentally relevant concentrations remains a challenge. Most studies have investigated polystyrene NPs, spherical NPs, and NPs in marine environments, while few studies have examined the aggregation, deposition, and ecological toxicity of NPs under environmentally relevant conditions. In addition, much less is known about the human health risks associated with NPs because little research has been conducted on estimating the overall human exposure to NPs and its effect. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives of NP research are discussed.

Sign in to start a discussion.

More Papers Like This

Article Tier 2

Nanoplastics in aquatic environments: Origin, separation and characterization: Review

This review covers the origins, separation methods, and characterization of nanoplastics in aquatic environments. Nanoplastics (1–100 nm) are particularly concerning because their tiny size gives them a large surface area for adsorbing pollutants and allows them to penetrate biological barriers more easily than larger microplastics.

Review Tier 2

Nanoplastics in the Aquatic Environment. Critical Review

This critical review synthesized the emerging science on nanoplastics in aquatic environments, covering detection challenges, sources, behavior, and toxicological evidence, and identifying major gaps in knowledge about nanoplastic-specific risks.

Article Tier 2

Research progress of nanoplastics in freshwater

This review summarized the environmental fate, extraction methods, characterization techniques, and biological effects of nanoplastics in freshwater systems, noting that NPs' small size, high surface area, and cell-penetrating ability make them potentially more harmful than microplastics despite being less studied.

Article Tier 2

Nanoplastics in aquatic systems - are they more hazardous than microplastics?

This review evaluates whether nanoplastics — plastic particles smaller than 1000 nm — are more hazardous than microplastics, examining current evidence on their environmental concentrations, behavior, and toxicity. It concludes that nanoplastics pose distinct concerns due to greater bioavailability and cellular uptake potential, while noting that adequate standard detection methods do not yet exist.

Article Tier 2

A review on occurrence, characteristics, toxicology and treatment of nanoplastic waste in the environment

This review summarizes the current understanding of nanoplastic pollution, including sources, occurrence in water, soil, and air, and potential toxicity to aquatic and terrestrial organisms. The study highlights major gaps in analytical methods for detecting nanoplastics and calls for more research on their environmental fate and health effects.

Share this paper