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Degradation of polyethylene terephthalate by microorganisms
Original title: Degradación del polietilentereftalato por medio de microorganismos
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This Spanish-language literature review examines microbial mechanisms and enzymes involved in biodegrading PET plastic. It identifies microorganisms that have shown ability to break down PET as promising candidates for biological plastic waste management strategies.
La alta demanda de plásticos como el PET y el escaso conocimiento sobre la economía verde o el reciclaje ha incrementado los efectos adversos al medio ambiente por acumulación incontrolada de residuos plásticos que terminan en las fuentes hídricas. Dentro de las estrategias que se han estudiado para controlar este problema, la degradación mediante microorganismos ha dado óptimos resultados en eficiencia y economía. Mediante una revisión bibliográfica, se especifica el mecanismo (enzimas) para la degradación del PET, teniendo en cuenta las principales condiciones de cultivo y del microorganismo, el pretratamiento que se debe realizar al PET y los porcentajes de degradación alcanzados. También se presentan las aplicaciones industriales de los posibles subproductos para su aprovechamiento y disminución de la contaminación.
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