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Mikroplastik pada Ikan Kembung (Rastrelliger sp.) dan Ikan Selar (Selaroides eptolepis) di TPI Tambak Lorok Semarang dan TPI Tawang Rowosari Kendal
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Microplastics were found in two commercially important fish species—mackerel and scad—sampled from fish markets in Indonesia. The findings raise concerns about human microplastic ingestion through these widely consumed seafood species.
Mikroplastik merupakan partikel plastik yang berukuran ≤5 mm. Ukurannya yang kecil menyebabkannya dapat tertransportasikan ke seluruh tempat dan biota termasuk ikan. Ikan pelagis jenis ikan kembung dan ikan selar merupakan salah satu biota laut bernilai ekonomis tinggi dan banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan mikroplastik pada ikan kembung dan ikan selar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Sampel ikan kembung diambil di TPI Tambak Lorok Semarang, sedangkan ikan selar diambil dari TPI Tawang Rowosari Kendal. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juni–Desember 2020. Tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu dimulai dengan pengambilan sampel, pengukuran sampel, pembedahan sampel, pelarutan sampel, pemisahan partikel mikroplastik, penyaringan partikel, dan identifikasi langsung secara visual menggunakan mikroskop. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat mikroplastik pada ikan selar dan kembung di TPI Semarang dan Kendal. Mikroplastik paling banyak dengan rerata 25,2 partikel pada insang dan 19,1 partikel pada pencernaan ditemukan pada ikan kembung di TPI Tambak Lorok, pada ikan selar (Selaroides leptolepis) ditemukan rerata 10,1 partikel pada insang dan 8,4 partikel pada pencernaan. Hasil yang didapatkan ditemukan bentuk fiber, fragmen, pelet, dan film, dengan warna yang beragam yaitu hitam, coklat, biru, putih, merah, transparan, dan kuning. Microplastics are plastic particles with a size of 5 mm. Its small size causes it easy to be transported to all places, including fish. Pelagic fish species of mackerel and selar fish are one of the marine biota that are economically feasible and widely consumed by the public. This study aims to determine the content of microplastics in mackerel and selar fish. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Mackerel fish samples were taken at TPI Tambak Lorok Semarang, while selar fish were taken from TPI Tawang Rowosari Kendal. This research was conducted in June – December 2020. The stages of the research carried out were starting with sampling, measuring samples, separating samples, separating microplastic particles, evaluating particles, and directly using a microscope. The results showed that there were microplastics in selar and mackerel in TPI Semarang and Kendal. The most microplastics with an average of 25.2 particles in the gills and 19.1 particles in the digestion were found in mackerel at TPI Tambak Lorok, in selar fish (Selaroides leptolepis) an average of 10.1 particles were found in the gills and 8.4 particles in digestion. The results obtained were found in the form of fibers, fragments, pellets, and films, with various colors, namely black, brown, blue, white, red, transparent, and yellow.
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