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Microplastics reduce the bioaccumulation and oxidative stress damage of triazole fungicides in fish
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Researchers found that microplastics can reduce the bioaccumulation and oxidative stress damage of triazole fungicides in fish, suggesting that microplastic-pesticide interactions may alter the expected toxicity of agricultural chemicals in aquatic organisms.
Microplastics (MPs) and pesticides are typical representatives of harmful chemicals in polluted waters. It is understood that the combined toxicity may differ from that of a single toxic substance. Although their combined toxicities on aquatic organisms have practical significance and research value, they have received little attention due to their complicated interaction, and the mechanism has rarely been reported. In this paper, we designed a study to investigate the single and combined effects of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) and the triazole fungicide difenoconazole on zebrafish, and to explore the mechanism of this effect. The results showed that PS-MPs could reduce the bioaccumulation of difenoconazole in zebrafish to a certain extent and alleviate the oxidative stress damage of difenoconazole in the zebrafish liver. The transcriptome and qRT-PCR data revealed the association of multiple pathways in the difenoconazole response, while the presence of PS-MPs ameliorated this effect in gene expression changes. Due to the properties of PS-MPs and the interaction between them, the toxic effect of difenoconazole when combined with PS-MPs is more prominent. These results provide a novel aspect to understand the environmental behavior of MPs and to evaluate the combined effect of MPs and pesticides on aquatic food.
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Effects of Microplastics on the Adsorption and Bioavailability of Three Strobilurin Fungicides
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This study investigated how microplastics affect the adsorption and bioavailability of three strobilurin fungicides, finding that polystyrene and polyethylene microplastics reduced pesticide availability in water but altered how the fungicides accumulated in and harmed zebrafish. The results demonstrate that microplastics can change the environmental behavior of agricultural pesticides in ways that are difficult to predict.
Microplastic Interference with Fipronil Toxicity to Zebrafish Embryonic Development
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Researchers studied how polyethylene microplastics affect the toxicity of the insecticide fipronil on developing zebrafish embryos. They found that while microplastics reduced the lethal effects of fipronil, likely by adsorbing some of the chemical, they did not change the rate of developmental abnormalities. The study highlights the complex ways different pollutants can interact in aquatic environments.
Polyethylene microplastics decrease the bioaccumulation and toxicity of picoxystrobin and azoxystrobin to microalgae Scenedesmus obliquus
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Researchers found that polyethylene microplastics actually reduced the toxicity of two common fungicides to the microalgae Scenedesmus obliquus by adsorbing the chemicals and lowering their freely dissolved concentrations in water. Smaller microplastic particles at higher concentrations had the greatest protective effect, promoting algal growth and chlorophyll production compared to fungicide-only treatments. The study demonstrates an antagonistic interaction where microplastics act as a physical sorbent that decreases the bioavailability of certain pesticides.
Different effects of polyethylene microplastics on bioaccumulation of three fungicides in maize (Zea mays L.)
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Polyethylene microplastics in agricultural soil altered the sorption and dissipation of three fungicides and their accumulation in maize plants, with effects differing by fungicide type and plastic particle concentration.
Effects of single and combined exposure of virgin or aged polyethylene microplastics and penthiopyrad on zebrafish (Danio rerio)
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This study found that polyethylene microplastics can increase the toxicity of a common fungicide (penthiopyrad) in zebrafish by helping the chemical build up in their bodies. The combination caused more intestinal damage and disrupted gut bacteria than either pollutant alone. This highlights an important concern: microplastics in the environment can act as carriers for pesticides, potentially amplifying their harmful effects on organisms including those in the human food chain.
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