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MICROPLASTIC CONTAMINATION IN CLIMBING PERCH (Anabas testudineus) FROM FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS IN SOUTH KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA
Summary
Researchers identified microplastic contamination in the digestive tracts of climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) collected from markets in South Kalimantan, Indonesia, characterizing the morphological types and polymer composition of ingested particles.
Polusi plastik merupakan masalah global yang berdampak signifikan terhadap lingkungan perairan, termasuk ekosistem air tawar. Mikroplastik (MP), partikel plastik berukuran <5 mm, dapat berasal dari sumber primer maupun sekunder, dan berpotensi terakumulasi dalam tubuh organisme akuatik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi keberadaan, karakteristik morfologi, dan jenis polimer mikroplastik pada ikan Betok (Anabas testudineus) yang dijual di Pasar Bauntung, Banjarbaru, Kalimantan Selatan. Sampel ikan dianalisis melalui proses pembedahan saluran pencernaan, digesti jaringan menggunakan larutan KOH 10%, dan observasi partikel di bawah mikroskop stereo, dilanjutkan dengan analisis polimer menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya dua partikel mikroplastik berbentuk line (serat) berwarna biru, berukuran 1,894 mm dan 2,469 mm. Analisis FTIR mengidentifikasi polimer polyester (PS) sebagai komposisi utama. Temuan ini mengindikasikan paparan mikroplastik pada ikan air tawar yang berpotensi berasal dari serat tekstil sintetis, limbah domestik, atau aktivitas perikanan, serta berimplikasi terhadap kesehatan ekosistem dan potensi risiko pada manusia melalui rantai makanan. Ikan Betok berpotensi digunakan sebagai bioindikator pencemaran mikroplastik di perairan tawar, sekaligus menegaskan pentingnya peningkatan pengelolaan limbah dan pemantauan kualitas perairan secara berkelanjutan.
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