Effects of Life Cycle Exposure to Polystyrene Microplastics on Medaka Fish (Oryzias Latipes)

Polystyrene microplastics affect the early life stages of large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea

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Researchers exposed early life stages of large yellow croaker fish to polystyrene microplastics and found that 1-micrometer particles increased larval mortality and decreased body length at high concentrations, while 5-micrometer particles disrupted phospholipid metabolism in cell membranes, indicating developmental risks to commercially important fish species.

Gauging the effects of a chronic exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics in the liver and intestine of Carassius auratus

New Insights into the Effects of Polystyrene Microplastics on Freshwater Fish, Labeo rohita: Assessment on Histopathology, Mineral Composition, Bioaccumulation and Antioxidant Activity

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Researchers fed Labeo rohita fish diets containing up to 2.5% polystyrene microplastics over 90 days and found dose-dependent intestinal damage, reduced antioxidant enzyme activity, altered mineral composition in muscle tissue, and bioaccumulation of particles, suggesting risks to farmed fish health and potentially to people who consume them.

Aging enhances the ecological toxicity of polyethylene microplastics to marine medaka larvae (Oryzias melastigma)

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Researchers found that UV- and Fenton-aged polyethylene microplastics caused greater harm to marine medaka larvae than virgin plastic, disrupting gut microbiota composition and altering microbial metabolic functions in ways that impaired growth and development, underscoring the need to assess weathered microplastics in ecological risk evaluations.