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Kelimpahan Mikroplastik Pada Insang Dan Saluran Pencernaan Ikan Lontok Ophiocara porocephala Valenciennes, 1837 (Chordata: Actinopterygii) di Ekosistem Mangrove Dubibir, Situbondo

Jurnal Kelautan Tropis 2022 8 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 45 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Defri Yona, Billy Arif Mahendra, Mochamad Arif Zainul Fuad, Aida Sartimbul, Syarifah Hikmah Julinda Sari

Summary

Microplastics were detected in the gills and gastrointestinal tracts of snakehead gudgeon fish caught from the Dubibir mangrove ecosystem in Situbondo, Indonesia, highlighting microplastic contamination risks in transitional mangrove habitats.

Body Systems

Mangrove as a transitional ecosystem between land and sea is threatened with microplastic pollution. It could lead to the accumulation of microplastic in mangrove organisms, including ikan lontok (snakehead gudgeon fish-Ophiocara porocephala) as one of the seasonal fish found in mangrove ecosystem. This study aimed to analyze the occurrence of microplastic in the gills and gastrointestinal tracts of the fish caught from Dubibir mangrove ecosystem, Situbondo. The fish were caught using gillnet (17 individuals) and measured its length and body weight. Organic matter digestion was conducted using hydrogen peroxide solution (H2O2 30 % and Fe (II) 0,05 M) for 24 h. Samples were then filtered using Whatman filter paper and types of microplastic were identified using microscope (Olympus CX33). In total, 192 particles of microplastic were retrieved from both gills and gastrointestinal tracts with the domination of fibers, followed by fragments, films and beads. Microplastics abundance was observed higher in the gills than in the gastrointestinal tracts and it might be due to the different of organ functionality and the input process of microplastics into each organ. Microplastic with the size of 500 – 1000 µm dominated the result, while the size of < 300 µm were found more in the gastrointestinal tracts than in the gills. It showed that gastrointestinal tracts have less preference in the accumulation process of microplastics. Blue is the most common of microplastic color found in both of the fish organs, followed by black, red and other colors with a smaller number of particles. The results of this study show that concern over the occurrence of microplastics in the snakehead gudgeon fish is needed since the fish is also consumable for human and could influence human health. Ekosistem mangrove yang terletak diantara wilayah darat dan laut tidak luput dari pencemaran mikroplastik. Hal ini dapat mengakibatkan akumulasi mikroplastik pada biota mangrove, termasuk ikan lontok (Ophiocara porocephala) yang merupakan ikan musiman pada ekosistem mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keberadaan mikroplastik pada insang dan saluran pencernaan ikan lontok pada ekosistem mangrove Dubibir, Situbondo, Jawa Timur. Sebanyak 17 ekor ikan lontok ditangkap menggunakan jaring dan diukur panjang dan beratnya. Analisis mikroplastik pada sampel organ ikan dimulai dengan melakukan penghancuran bahan organik dengan merendam sampel pada larutan H2O2 30 % dan larutan Fe (II) 0,05 M selama 24 jam. Sampel selanjutnya disaring menggunakan kertas Whatman dan diidentifikasi jenis mikroplastiknya menggunakan mikroskop (Olympus CX33). Sebanyak 192 partikel mikroplastik ditemukan pada sampel ikan lontok yang dianalisis dan didominasi oleh jenis fiber diikuti oleh fragmen, film dan beads. Kelimpahan total mikroplastik ditemukan lebih tinggi pada insang dibandingkan pada saluran pencernaan. Hal ini diduga karena perbedaan fungsi organ dan juga proses masuknya mikroplastik pada masing-masing organ. Mikroplastik yang ditemukan pada kedua organ ikan paling banyak berukuran 500 – 1000 µm dan mikroplastik berukuran < 300 µm lebih banyak ditemukan pada saluran pencernaan dibandingkan pada insang. Perbedaan komposisi ukuran mikroplastik antar organ menunjukkan bahwa saluran pencernaan kurang selektif dalam penyerapan partikel mikroplastik. Biru merupakan warna mikroplastik yang mendominasi kedua organ, diikuti oleh warna hitam, merah dan warna lainnya dengan jumlah yang lebih sedikit. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, keberadaan mikroplastik perlu mendapat perhatian khusus karena ikan lontok termasuk jenis ikan konsumsi agar tidak memberikan dampak kesehatan terhadap manusia.

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