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Ingestion Effect of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Nanoparticles on Juveniles of Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
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Researchers found that feeding PET nanoparticles to juvenile shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) led to increased production of reactive oxygen species, a marker of cellular stress, though cholesterol and triglyceride levels were not significantly affected. The study suggests PET nanoparticles widespread in marine environments may cause oxidative stress in marine invertebrates even at sub-lethal exposures.
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is among the major plastics produced, and thus the PET nanoparticles are distributed worldwide in marine systems. In this work, the effects of PET nanoparticles (NanoPET) in the shrimp feed were determined in juveniles of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. No significant changes in the concentrations of triglycerides and cholesterol in hemolymph were detected. A slight but not significantly higher nitrites content in the shrimp hepatopancreas was detected when the NanoPET concentration in the feed was increased, while a significant higher ROS generation was detected at high NanoPET concentration. This increase in ROS generation matched with the increase of gene expression of antioxidative proteins catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase, while glutathione transferase was not affected. Thus, these increased levels of antioxidant enzymes in shrimps exposed to NanoPET seem to be a protection response by the generation of free radicals induced by the presence of nanoplastic.
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Effect of polyethylene microplastics on oxidative stress and histopathology damages in Litopenaeus vannamei
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Researchers injected fluorescent polyethylene microspheres into Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and found that microplastic exposure increased oxidative stress markers and caused histopathological damage to hepatopancreas and gill tissue, even at relatively low concentrations.
Ingestion of weathered high density polyethylene microplastics-induced oxidative stress and modulation of antioxidant responses in post larval stages of Litopenaeus vannamei
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Post-larval whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) exposed to weathered high-density polyethylene microplastics showed elevated oxidative stress markers and upregulated antioxidant enzyme activity, demonstrating that even environmentally weathered PE particles remain toxic to marine invertebrates at early life stages.
Cellular and tissue-level responses of mussels (Mytilus edulis) to aged polyethylene terephthalate (PET) micro- and nanoplastic particles
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This study exposed mussels to environmentally realistic concentrations of aged PET micro- and nanoplastics and found measurable cellular damage even at the lowest doses tested. The plastic particles caused inflammation, oxidative stress, and tissue changes in the mussels' digestive systems. Since mussels are a common seafood and are often eaten whole, these findings are relevant to understanding human microplastic exposure through shellfish consumption.
Oxidative effects of consuming microplastics in different tissues of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
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Researchers fed white shrimp diets containing polystyrene microplastics and found the particles accumulated in gills, muscles, and the hepatopancreas. The microplastics triggered oxidative stress, DNA damage, and lipid damage in multiple tissues, along with visible tissue abnormalities including edema and immune cell infiltration. The study demonstrates that dietary microplastic exposure can cause widespread oxidative harm across different organ systems in commercially important shellfish.
Accumulation and damage of polyethylene-microplastics to the digestive system of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp exposed through feed
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Researchers fed juvenile Pacific white shrimp diets containing polyethylene microplastics at varying concentrations for 28 days. While survival and growth were not affected, microplastics accumulated in the digestive system and caused tissue damage to the hepatopancreas and intestine, suggesting that even without visible growth effects, microplastic ingestion can cause internal harm to commercially important crustacean species.
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