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Cellular Process of Polystyrene Nanoparticles Entry into Wheat Roots
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Researchers investigated how polystyrene nanoparticles enter wheat root cells, finding that smaller particles (100 nm) were internalized more readily than larger ones, with surface charge influencing uptake pathways through both endocytosis and direct penetration of cell walls.
Nanoscale plastic particles are widely found in the terrestrial environment and being increasingly studied in recent years. However, the knowledge of their translocation and accumulation mechanism controlled by nanoplastic characterizations in plant tissues is limited, especially in plant cells. Here, 20 mg L-1 polystyrene nanoparticles (PS NPs) with different sizes and amino/carboxy groups were employed to investigate the internalization process in wheat roots and cells. From the results, we found that the uptake of small-size PS NPs in the root tissues was increased compared to that of large-size ones, but no PS NPs were observed in the vascular cylinder. Similar results were observed in their cellular uptake process. Besides, the cell wall could block the entry of large-size PS NPs while the cell membrane could not. The -NH2 group on the PS NPs surface could benefit their tissular/cellular translocation compared to the -COOH group. The internalization of PS NPs was controlled by both particle size and surface functional group, and the size should be the primary factor. Our findings offer important information for understanding the PS NPs behaviors in plant tissues, especially at the cellular level, and assessing their potential risk to food safety, quality, and agricultural sustainability.
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Uptake of polystyrene nanospheres by wheat and Arabidopsis roots in agar, hydroponics, and soil
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Researchers studied the uptake of polystyrene nanoplastic particles by wheat and Arabidopsis roots across three growing systems: agar, hydroponics, and soil. The study found that plant roots can absorb nanoplastic particles, raising concerns about food chain contamination. The findings suggest that nanoplastics in agricultural soils may enter food crops and ultimately reach human consumers.
Uptake and transport of micro/nanoplastics in terrestrial plants: Detection, mechanisms, and influencing factors
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This review summarizes how micro and nanoplastics enter and move through plants, including uptake through roots and leaves via processes like endocytosis and movement through cell walls. Smaller particles penetrate more easily, and factors like surface charge and soil conditions affect how much plastic plants absorb. The findings are important because they show that crops can take up microplastics from contaminated soil, creating a potential pathway for these particles to reach the human diet.
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