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Behaviour of a self-reinforced polylactic acid (SRPLA) in seawater
Summary
Researchers tested whether a biodegradable plastic made from plant-based polylactic acid (PLA) holds up in seawater and whether it sheds microplastics. After 12 months at 40°C its strength fully degraded, but short-term UV exposure did not increase microplastic release — suggesting it needs engineering improvements before it can safely replace conventional marine plastics.
The goal of this study was to determine whether a bio-based self-reinforced polylactic acid (SRPLA) is suitable for use in structures deployed in the marine environment. The material was produced from co-mingled fibres with different melting points. Two key criteria, durability during service and microplastic formation, were examined. To assess durability, mechanical properties, tension and transverse impact, were used to quantify the influence of seawater ageing for up to 24 months. After seawater ageing at 40 °C for 12 months, composite strength was completely degraded. To assess microplastic formation, specimens of SRPLA were exposed in seawater to accelerated ultraviolet (UV) radiation simulating natural exposure for up to 18 months. Fluorescence microscopy and infrared technology were used to quantify and characterise the microplastics formed. Their number was independent of UV exposure, suggesting short-term UV radiation does not accelerate SRPLA microplastic formation. We discuss the potential for SRPLA to be considered a promising material for sustainable marine applications.