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Bacterial communities on polyethylene microplastics in mangrove ecosystems as a function of exposure sites: Compositions and ecological functions
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Analysis of bacterial communities on microplastics in Poyang Lake, China's largest freshwater lake, found that MP surfaces host distinct microbial assemblages with lower diversity but unique taxa enriched with Pseudomonas, and that MPs facilitate bacterial exchange between water and sediment. The plastisphere — the microbial community colonizing MP surfaces — may serve as a vector for pathogens and disease-associated microbes, raising concerns about ecological disruption and indirect human health risks through contaminated freshwater.
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This review examines how bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes in mangrove sediments can biodegrade microplastics through colonization, fragmentation, assimilation, and mineralization, while also cataloging the toxicological impacts microplastics exert on both microorganisms and humans. Bioremediation of microplastic-contaminated mangroves is an urgent priority because these ecosystems are biodiversity hotspots and critical buffers between land-based plastic pollution and the open ocean.
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