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Pengaruh Musim dan Pasang Surut Terhadap Konsentrasi Mikroplastik di Perairan Delta Sungai Wulan, Kabupaten Demak
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Researchers investigated the influence of season and tidal conditions on microplastic concentrations in the waters of the Wulan River Delta, Demak Regency, Indonesia, collecting 32 seawater samples from 8 stations using plankton nets. They found significantly higher microplastic concentrations during the dry season (mean 2.608 mg/L) compared to the wet season (mean 2.247 mg/L), with no significant difference between tidal conditions.
Sungai merupakan jalur penting masuknya mikroplastik ke perairan laut. Mikroplastik baik primer atau sekunder merupakan polutan partikel plastik yang berukuran kurang dari 5 mm (ukuran partikel mirip dengan partikel suspensi atau plankton). Termasuk sampah plastik, mikroplastik berpotensi menyebabkan terganggunya rantai makanan pada biota laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi mikroplastik di kolom air pada musim hujan dan kemarau saat kondisi pasang dan surut di perairan Delta Wulan, Kecamatan Wedung Kabupaten Demak. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Total sebanyak 32 sampel air laut diambil dengan menggunakan plankton net dari 8 stasiun pengamatan yang ditentukan secara purposive. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan kondisi musim dan pasang surut. Analisa kandungan mikroplastik dalam sampel air laut dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode yang direkomendasikan oleh NOAA. Prosedur analisa meliputi penyaringan sampel air, penambahan reagen (Fe (II) 0,05M, H2O2 30%, NaCl), pemanasan, pemisahan berdasarkan densitas dan analisa gravimeri, Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai konsentrasi mikroplastik lebih tinggi pada musim kemarau dibanding musim hujan, dengan nilai rerata berturut-turut sebesar 2,608 mg/L dan 2,247 mg/L. Dari analisa regresi ANOVA menunjukkan ada perbedaan konsentrasi berdasarkan musim (p-value sebesar 0,007), namun tidak ada perbedaan berdasarkan kondisi pasang dan surut (p-value sebesar 0,840). Rivers are an important pathway for the entry of microplastics into marine waters. Microplastics, both primary and secondary, are pollutants of plastic particles that are less than 5 mm in size (particle size is similar to sediment suspense or plankton). Including plastic waste, microplastics have the potential to disrupt the food chain in marine biota. This study aims to determine the concentration of microplastics in the water column during the rainy and dry seasons during high and low tide conditions in the waters of the Wulan Delta, Wedung District, Demak Regency. The method used is descriptive quantitative. A total of 32 seawater samples were taken using a plankton net from 8 observation stations which were determined purposively. Sampling was carried out by considering seasonal and tidal conditions. Analysis of microplastic content in seawater samples was carried out using the procedure recommended by NOAA. The analytical procedure includes filtering of water samples, addition of reagent (Fe (II) 0.05M, 30% H2O2, NaCl), heating, density separation and gravimetric analysis. The results showed that the concentration of microplastics was higher in the dry season than in the rainy season, with an average value of 2,608 mg/L and 2,247 mg/L, respectively. From the ANOVA regression analysis showed that there was a difference in concentration based on seasons (p-value of 0.007), but there was no difference based on tidal and tidal conditions (p-value of 0.840).
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