0
Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Detection Methods Environmental Sources Food & Water Human Health Effects Marine & Wildlife Remediation Sign in to save

Raman Microspectroscopy Detection and Characterisation of Microplastics in Human Breastmilk

Polymers 2022 730 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 65 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Antonio Ragusa, Valentina Notarstefano, Alessandro Svelato, Alessia Belloni, Giorgia Gioacchini, Christine Blondeel, Emma Zucchelli, Caterina De Luca, Sara D’Avino, Alessandra Gulotta, Oliana Carnevali, Elisabetta Giorgini

Summary

Researchers used Raman spectroscopy to detect and characterize microplastics in human breast milk samples for the first time. They found microplastic particles in the samples, confirming that nursing infants can be exposed to microplastics through breastfeeding. This pilot study highlights the need for larger investigations into how microplastics in breast milk might affect infant health during a critical period of development.

The widespread use of plastics determines the inevitable human exposure to its by-products, including microplastics (MPs), which enter the human organism mainly by ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact. Once internalised, MPs may pass across cell membranes and translocate to different body sites, triggering specific cellular mechanisms. Hence, the potential health impairment caused by the internalisation and accumulation of MPs is of prime concern, as confirmed by numerous studies reporting evident toxic effects in various animal models, marine organisms, and human cell lines. In this pilot single-centre observational prospective study, human breastmilk samples collected from N. 34 women were analysed by Raman Microspectroscopy, and, for the first time, MP contamination was found in 26 out of 34 samples. The detected microparticles were classified according to their shape, colour, dimensions, and chemical composition. The most abundant MPs were composed of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polypropylene, with sizes ranging from 2 to 12 µm. MP data were statistically analysed in relation to specific patients' data (age, use of personal care products containing plastic compounds, and consumption of fish/shellfish, beverages, and food in plastic packaging), but no significant relationship was found, suggesting that the ubiquitous MP presence makes human exposure inevitable.

Sign in to start a discussion.

More Papers Like This

Article Tier 2

Feasibility of Raman and FTIR spectroscopy for direct microplastic search in the human milk samples: Comparative qualitative study

Researchers tested whether infrared and Raman spectroscopy could detect microplastics directly in human breast milk without harsh chemical processing that might damage the samples. They found these methods can serve as a useful screening tool for common plastics like polyethylene and polystyrene in milk, which matters because breast milk is a direct route of microplastic exposure for infants.

Article Tier 2

Detection of diverse microplastic polymers in human breast milk

Researchers detected microplastics in human breast milk samples using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, identifying a range of polymer types including polyethylene, polypropylene, and others, raising concerns about infant exposure to plastics during breastfeeding.

Article Tier 2

Detection and characterization of small-sized microplastics (≥ 5 µm) in milk products

Researchers developed a new micro-Raman methodology to detect and characterize microplastics as small as 5 micrometers in milk products, identifying polyethylene and polystyrene particles in tested samples and providing a reliable analytical approach for food contamination assessment.

Article Tier 2

Sample Preparation Protocol for the Extraction and Raman analysis of Small Microplastics in Infant Milk Formula

Researchers published a standard operating procedure for extracting microplastics from infant milk formula using optimized chemical digestion steps to remove proteins, fats, and carbohydrates while preserving microplastic integrity for subsequent µ-Raman spectroscopy identification.

Article Tier 2

Sample Preparation Protocol for the Extraction and Raman analysis of Small Microplastics in Infant Milk Formula

Researchers developed a standardized sample preparation protocol for extracting and characterizing microplastics (1-1000 µm) from infant milk formula using chemical digestion to remove complex organic matrix components while preserving particle integrity for µ-Raman spectroscopy analysis.

Share this paper