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Microplastic Contamination in Water and Sediment at Maninjau Lake, Indonesia
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Researchers quantified microplastic contamination in surface water and sediment across 10 locations in Maninjau Lake, Indonesia, finding abundances ranging from 65.63 to 195.31 particles/m3 in water and 199.52 to 7,000 particles/kg dry weight in sediment. Fiber, film, fragment, and granule shapes were identified, highlighting contamination risks to a lake critical for water supply, hydroelectric energy, and aquaculture.
Maninjau Lake in Agam Regency, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia , plays a significant role in the primary supply of water, hydroelectric energy plants, tourism, and floating net cage cultivation. This study aims to examine the quantity of microplastic contamination in surface water and sediment in Maninjau Lake at 10 various locations. The microplastics were quantified in terms of abundance and categorised by their shape, size, and polymer. The results showed that microplastics abundance at all locations in water and sediment varied from 65.63 to 195.31 particles/m 3 and 199.52 to 7000 particles/kg DW. Fibre, film, fragment, and granule-shaped microplastics were identified in the sediment and water samples. The size ranges of the microplastics found in all samples were 300, 300-500, 500-100, and >1000 µm. The amount of microplastic abundance among locations was not significantly different (p>0.05), but it varied in form and size (p<0.05) with fibre and <300µm particle size in surface water and sediment, which were higher than in others. The dominant polymer type on the surface water and sediments is polyvinyl chloride. Since Maninjau is one of the prioritised lakes in Indonesia, these findings can be useful and may contribute to contamination management, especially in terms of microplastics.
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Microplastic Pollution in Waters and Sediments in a Lentic System: A Case Study in a Tropical Wet Urban Lake of Samarinda, Indonesia
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Researchers sampled water and sediment from a tropical urban lake in Samarinda, Indonesia, finding microplastic contamination at all 10 sampling sites with an average of 0.91 particles per litre in water and 375 particles per kilogram in sediment. Fibres — likely from textiles — dominated in both water and sediment, and polyethylene was the most common polymer identified. The study highlights how urban lakes in rapidly developing tropical cities are becoming significant repositories of microplastic pollution, driven by inadequate waste management infrastructure.
Spatiotemporal Patterns of Microplastic Distribution in Surface Water and Nearshore Sediments of a Large Tropical Lake: Evidence From Lake Toba, Indonesia.
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Researchers measured microplastics in surface water and nearshore sediment at 21 sites in Lake Toba, Indonesia, across dry and rainy seasons. Levels were higher in the rainy season, with water pollution concentrated in the north and sediment pollution higher in the south. Most pieces were black or blue fragments, and possible sources like tourism and fishing are discussed but not confirmed.
Assessment of microplastic on tropical tidal lake waters in Medan (study cases-Siombak lake)
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Researchers assessed microplastic pollution in Siombak Lake, a tropical tidal lake in Medan, Indonesia, sampling water and sediments and characterising particles by Raman spectroscopy and microscopy. They found concentrations of 91-126 particles per 100 mL of water and 262-398 particles per gram of dry sediment, dominated by fragment shapes and composed primarily of polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene, with a strong correlation between water and sediment concentrations.
Analysis of Microplastic Content in Surface Water of the Gajah Mungkur Reservoir in Indonesia
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Researchers analyzed surface water from Indonesia's Gajah Mungkur Reservoir, a drinking water source, and found microplastics at every sampling location, with concentrations ranging from 340 to 820 particles per cubic meter. The dominant shapes were filaments and fibers, and the plastics identified included polypropylene and polystyrene. The highest contamination was found at an upstream river inlet, suggesting that rivers are a key delivery route for microplastics into the reservoir. The findings raise concerns about microplastic exposure through drinking water drawn from Indonesian surface water sources.
Microplastic pollution in the surface water of Lake Singkarak, Indonesia
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Researchers investigated the first documented occurrence of microplastic pollution in Lake Singkarak, a tectonic lake in Indonesia, by collecting water samples from lake inlet, hydropower dam intake, and outlet sites. They found microplastics present throughout the lake's surface water, highlighting the vulnerability of this priority restoration lake to plastic waste inputs from rivers and catchment runoff.
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