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Atmospheric deposition of microplastics in the megalopolis (Shanghai) during rainy season: Characteristics, influence factors, and source
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Researchers characterized atmospheric microplastic deposition in Shanghai during the rainy season, finding that rainfall events significantly increased deposition rates, with fibers dominating and sources linked to both local urban activities and long-range atmospheric transport.
Urban areas are the hardest hit by microplastic pollution, and deposition is an important part of microplastic migration and transport in the atmosphere, therefore, the study of microplastics in an urban atmospheric deposition is of great significance. This study aims to investigate the deposition characteristics of atmospheric microplastics in megapolis, to clarify the influence of meteorological and anthropogenic factors, and to analyze the sources of atmospheric microplastics. Six sampling sites in Shanghai were selected to collect atmospheric deposition samples during the rainy season. The mean deposition flux of microplastics was 3261.22 ± 2847.99 P·m·d (median: 2559.70 P·m·d), and the types were mainly polyamide (PA, 27.79 %), polyethylene terephthalate (PET, 27.29 %), polypropylene (PP, 16.95 %), and polyvinyl fluoride (PVF, 12.88 %). The microplastic with the particle size of <1000 μm accounted for 88.23 %, and the shape was mainly fiber (73.55 %). The results of correlation analysis and variance analysis of microplastic characteristics with meteorological and anthropogenic factors (land-use, atmospheric pollutants, and urban indicators) showed that wind and precipitation had effects on deposition flux, size and shape, and were more significant at small scales (individual cities), while at large scales, the population was the main influence of microplastics. Atmospheric microplastics in Shanghai may be dominated by exogenous sources, through a combination of microplastic characteristics, wind and backward trajectories. This study further reveals the fate of urban atmospheric microplastics, which has implications for the study of global microplastic pollution.
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Atmospheric microplastics in rainfalls in the megacity of Hangzhou: Morphology, composition, and deposition flux
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Microplastics in rainfall across Hangzhou, China were found in all wet deposition samples, with fibers dominating, and deposition flux correlated with rainfall intensity and industrial activity patterns — highlighting urban wet deposition as a significant microplastic transport pathway.
Various forms and deposition fluxes of microplastics identified in the coastal urban atmosphere
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Researchers collected precipitation samples in a Chinese coastal city and found microplastics of multiple shapes deposited from the atmosphere, with seasonal variation in deposition rates. This is one of the first studies to document atmospheric microplastic deposition in a coastal urban environment.
Seasonal patterns and environmental drivers of atmospheric microplastics in a coastal megacity
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Researchers conducted a year-long monitoring campaign of atmospheric microplastics in Shanghai to understand seasonal patterns and environmental drivers. The study identified distinct temporal dynamics in airborne microplastic concentrations in this coastal megacity, revealing how weather patterns, wind, and human activities influence atmospheric microplastic levels throughout the year.
Atmospheric microplastics at a southern China metropolis: Occurrence, deposition flux, exposure risk and washout effect of rainfall
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Researchers measured airborne microplastics in Guangzhou, a major city in southern China, finding them throughout the year with higher levels during the rainy season. They estimated that adults in the city inhale tens of thousands of microplastic particles annually through normal breathing. Rainfall helped wash microplastics out of the air, but it also deposited them onto surfaces where they can enter water and soil, creating another pathway for human exposure.
Atmospheric deposition is an important pathway for inputting microplastics: Insight into the spatiotemporal distribution and deposition flux in a mega city
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Researchers monitored microplastic fallout from the atmosphere in the Chinese megacity of Wuhan over an entire year and found an average of about 83 particles landing per square meter per day. The highest concentrations fell in spring, with city centers receiving more than suburbs, and most particles were tiny fibers from textiles. This study shows that simply breathing outdoor air and living in a city exposes people to a constant rain of microplastic particles.
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