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The Effects of Different Concentrations of Microplastics on the Physiology and Behavior of Sebastes schlegelii
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Researchers exposed juvenile black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) to polystyrene microplastics for 24 days, finding that concentrations of 0.1 mg/L and above caused significant antioxidant enzyme disruption, immune suppression with rising inflammatory cytokines, and reduced survival at 1 mg/L.
This study investigated the toxic effects of 0-1 mg/L polystyrene microplastics (0.5 μm) on juvenile Sebastes schlegelii through a 24-day indoor exposure experiment. The results showed that the exposure group of ≥ 0.1 mg/L induced significant physiological damage, and the liver antioxidant system showed dynamic imbalance (SOD activity first increased and then decreased, CAT activity was inhibited by 30-50%), and the accumulation of lipid peroxidation product MDA reached 200%; Immunosuppression manifests as a 20-35% decrease in lysozyme activity and a significant increase in the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF - α and IL-6; The survival rate of the high concentration group (1 mg/L) decreased to 82%, and the weight gain rate decreased by 40%. At the behavioral level, the contradictory response induced by microplastics was revealed for the first time: individual swimming speed decreased by 35-50% (significantly correlated with 30% inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity, P<0.05), while at the population level, defensive clustering was quantified by nearest neighbor distance (NND) and inter individual distance (IID), showing a 40% reduction in IID in the high concentration group, (P<0.05). But the group polarity (PP) decreased by 50% (P<0.05), and the exposed motor coordination was severely impaired. The results indicate that microplastics, at concentrations ≥ 0.1 mg/L, simultaneously disrupt individual functions and group behavioral adaptability through a dual mechanism of oxidative damage and neurotoxicity.
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Impacts of polystyrene microplastics on the behavior and metabolism in a marine demersal teleost, black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii)
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Researchers exposed black rockfish to two sizes of polystyrene microplastics and measured changes in behavior, metabolism, and energy reserves. They found that larger microplastics caused more significant behavioral changes including reduced swimming speed and clustering, along with increased metabolic stress indicators. The study suggests that microplastic exposure can alter fish behavior and metabolism in ways that may compromise feeding and survival in the wild.
Polystyrene microparticles can affect the health status of freshwater fish – Threat of oral microplastics intake
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Researchers fed juvenile rainbow trout polystyrene microplastics at three dietary concentrations for six weeks and assessed multiple health parameters. They found that the highest concentration triggered immune responses, liver and gill damage, disrupted antioxidant balance, and reduced plasma proteins. The study demonstrates that oral microplastic intake can negatively affect the health of freshwater fish across multiple organ systems.
Physiological Alterations and Immune Modulation in Fish Exposed to Microplastics
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Researchers reviewed the physiological and immunological effects of microplastic exposure in fish, finding that these particles smaller than 5 mm induce a range of biological disruptions including immune modulation, oxidative stress, and systemic health impacts with broader implications for aquatic ecosystem integrity.
Sub-chronic toxicity of polystyrene microplastics in Danio rerio: evidence from hematological, biochemical, oxidative stress, and histopathological biomarkers
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Zebrafish exposed to polystyrene microplastics for 20 days showed blood changes, lower blood sugar and protein levels, and increased oxidative damage in the gills. The fish also showed altered antioxidant activity, reduced brain enzyme function linked to nervous system signaling, and tissue damage in the gills, gut, and brain.
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