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Evaluation of the Genetic Diversity of Antibiotic-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolated from Diarrheal Humans and Poultry using Multilocus Sequence Typing
Summary
Researchers evaluated the genetic diversity of antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from diarrheal human patients and poultry in Iraq using multilocus sequence typing of four housekeeping genes, finding high antibiotic resistance rates -- 100% resistance to ampicillin -- and genetic overlap between human and poultry isolates, suggesting possible cross-species transmission.
Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen usually responsible for healthcare-associated infections. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis utilized four housekeeping genes among Klebsiella pneumonia isolated from diarrheal humans and poultry to determine the extent of genetic diversity. Material and methods: Seventy-five fecal samples from both human and poultry sources were cultured and diagnosed with the bacterial isolates by the VITEK-2 system as well as an Antibiotic sensitivity test (AST). Results: Antibiotic susceptibility profile of Human's K. pneumoniae revealed all isolates bacteria were absolute resistant against Ampicillin and highly resistant toward Cefazolin 86%. Poultry's K. pneumoniae was highly resistant to Ampicillin at 100% and to Cefazolin at 46.6%. MLST results of all four housekeeping genes together revealed that humans K. pneumoniae (K1-K6) and poultry K. pneumoniae (K7-K11) were similar, specifically isolates K6 and K11, and different in (K1, K5, and K7). Conclusion: The present study is considered the first in Iraq to determine the genetic relationship between K. pneumonia isolates from humans and poultry. K. pneumonia has a high rate of antibiotic resistance and high genetic diversity as a result of the sequencing of (rpoB, gapA, phoE and tonB genes) of human and poultry isolates. The genetic association (similarity) of antibiotic resistance K. pneumoniae strain between both sources where all isolates are resistant to most antibiotic agents in significant differences is evidence of the transmission of isolates from an animal source (poultry) to humans which poses a public health threat.
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