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Investigation of interaction between pharmaceuticals and microplastic particles
Original title: Investigation of interaction between pharmaceuticals and microplastic particles
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This Croatian-language study investigated the adsorption of the pharmaceutical carbamazepine onto PET microplastic particles, comparing unaged and UV-aged samples after 56 days of accelerated weathering. UV aging increased the proportion of smaller particle fractions, and the combined toxicity of microplastics with adsorbed pharmaceuticals was assessed using acute toxicity tests on green microalgae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata). Results indicate that weathering of plastics can enhance their capacity to carry and potentially amplify the environmental toxicity of pharmaceutical pollutants.
Rast ljudske populacije iz godine u godinu uzrokuje povećanje upotrebe farmaceutika u svakodnevnom životu, što izrazito nepovoljno djeluje na okoliš, prije svega onaj vodeni, uzrokujući njegovo onečišćenje. Osim upotrebe farmaceutika, povećava se i upotreba plastike, koja je sveprisutna u našim životima. Degradacijom plastike nastaje mikroplastika koja posjeduje veliku specifičnu površinu na koju se vežu onečišćujuće tvari u okolišu. Interakcija onečišćujućih tvari sa mikroplastikom može povečati njezin toksični učinak na okoliš i zdravlje ljudi. Cilj ovoga rada je ispitati adsorpciju farmaceutika karbamazepina (CBZ) na čestice mikroplastike pripremljene iz nestarenih uzoraka poli(etilen-tereftalata) (PET 0) i uzoraka podvrgnutih ubrzanom starenju pod UV zračenjem tijekom 56 dana (PET 56) te njihov štetni učinak na vodeni okoliš. Prije određivanja toksičnosti mikroplastike na koju je adsorbiran farmaceutik, bitno je odrediti toksičnost pojedinih komponenti. Njihov štetni učinak procijenjen je provedbom standardnih testova akutne toksičnosti na zelene mikroalge Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (ISO 8692). Rezultati su pokazali da se UV starenjem povećava udio manjih frakcija čestica mikroplastike, što ukazuje na povećavanje amorfne faze, struktura postaje manje uređena, gube se mehanička svojstva, odnosno smanjuju se tvrdoća i krutost polimera. Rezultati adsorpcije karbmazepina odgovaraju Freundlichovom modelu što ukazuje na adsorpciju u više slojeva. Adsorpcija je najizraženija pri nižoj temperaturi, u kombinaciji sa PET 0, što upućuje na fizisorpciju. U slučaju ispitivanja toksičnosti nestareni materijal pokazao je veću toksičnost u odnosu na materijal staren 56 dana pod UV zračenjem, a najveću toksičnost pokazala je kombinacija CBZ + CaCl2 + PET 0, dok su pojedinačne komponente pokazale manji toksični učinak.
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