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What are the toxic components of microplastics? Investigating the overlooked role of particles vs chemical leachates as microplastic toxicity drivers

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) 2022 Score: 35 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Stefania Piarulli, Stefania Piarulli, Stefania Piarulli, Stefania Piarulli, Stefania Piarulli, Stefania Piarulli, Stefania Piarulli, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Lisbet Sørensen, Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Lisbet Sørensen, Lisbet Sørensen, Alessio Gomiero Lisbet Sørensen, Lisbet Sørensen, Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Lisbet Sørensen, Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Lisbet Sørensen, Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Tânia Gomes, Tânia Gomes, Alessio Gomiero Stefania Piarulli, Stefania Piarulli, Stefania Piarulli, Stefania Piarulli, Stefania Piarulli, Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Lisbet Sørensen, Lisbet Sørensen, Lisbet Sørensen, Alessio Gomiero Lisbet Sørensen, Lisbet Sørensen, Lisbet Sørensen, Alessio Gomiero Lisbet Sørensen, Lisbet Sørensen, Alessio Gomiero Lisbet Sørensen, Laura Martínez Amat, Laura Martínez Amat, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Bjørn-Henrik Hansen, Lisbet Sørensen, Lisbet Sørensen, Lisbet Sørensen, Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Stefania Piarulli, Stefania Piarulli, Laura Martínez Amat, Bjørn-Henrik Hansen, Laura Martínez Amat, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Lisbet Sørensen, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Lisbet Sørensen, Alessio Gomiero Stefania Piarulli, Lisbet Sørensen, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Julia Farkas, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Augustine Arukwe, Alessio Gomiero Augustine Arukwe, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Stefania Piarulli, Lisbet Sørensen, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Augustine Arukwe, Augustine Arukwe, Andy M. Booth, Tânia Gomes, Lisbet Sørensen, Alessio Gomiero Lisbet Sørensen, Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Lisbet Sørensen, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Tânia Gomes, Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Stefania Piarulli, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Lisbet Sørensen, Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Lisbet Sørensen, Tânia Gomes, Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Tânia Gomes, Andy M. Booth, Lisbet Sørensen, Alessio Gomiero Julia Farkas, Alessio Gomiero Lisbet Sørensen, Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero Alessio Gomiero Lisbet Sørensen, Alessio Gomiero Lisbet Sørensen, Andy M. Booth, Lisbet Sørensen, Andy M. Booth, Alessio Gomiero

Summary

Researchers disentangled the toxicological roles of car tire rubber (CTR) particles versus their chemical leachates by exposing early life stages of Atlantic cod to pre-leached CTR particles, 7-day leachate, and pristine CTR, finding that leachate and pristine CTR significantly reduced hatching success and increased mortality while pre-leached particles had no significant effects.

Polymers
rubber

Knowledge remains limited regarding the effects of plastics and their associated chemicals. Importantly, there is a lack of studies successfully deconvoluting particle and leached chemical effects on organisms. This study aimed to unravel the role of car tire rubber (CTR, used as MP model material) as a pollutant particle and as a carrier of chemicals, and thus distinguish between the effects derived from MPs from those resulting from associated chemicals. Early life stages of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) were used to study the effects of three different components of CTR were: 1) CTR particles (50-1000 µm) pre-leached for 30 days to allow quantitative desorption of associated chemicals, 2) chemicals leached from the CTR over seven days, and 3) pristine CTR particles (pCTR) not subjected to any pre-treatment and thus including all the associated chemicals. Each treatment was tested at 1, 10 and 100 mg L-1 particles for 4 days, followed by a recovery period of ca. 11 days. Differences in the chemical composition of particles and associated exposures were verified using GC-MS and pyrolysis GC-MS. Investigated effect endpoints included survival and mortality, hatching success, developmental alterations assessed by morphometric measurements and expression of 15 genes. Leachate and pCTR exposures led to significantly lower hatching success and increased mortality compared to the pre-leached particles, which did not have any significant effect. Further, larvae exposed to pCTR showed a smaller eye diameter and an increased yolk/body fraction. Only leachates affected eye-to-front distance in a dose-dependent way. Larvae exposed to leachates and pCTR also showed significant reduction in the myotome length. Results demonstrate that associated chemicals and not the physical particles are the main CTR toxicity drivers for the endpoints studied. Further research should be directed towards understanding if this is extendable also to other types of plastic- and rubber-based materials. Also see: https://micro2022.sciencesconf.org/427100/document

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