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Assessing the toxicity of recycled rubber and bio-rubber leachates on marine plankton
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Researchers assessed the acute toxicity of leachates from recycled rubber crumbs and biodegradable bio-rubber alternatives on marine planktonic organisms, addressing limited data on how these materials affect aquatic life. Both recycled rubber and bio-rubber leachates showed measurable toxicity to marine plankton at tested concentrations.
The impacts of microplastics on the marine environment have become a significant concern in the last decades. Specifically, microplastics can leach additives that may be toxic to aquatic organisms. However, little information is available on the effects of leachates from recycled rubber crumbs and their biodegradable alternatives (bio-rubbers). This study estimates the acute toxicity of leachates from various rubber crumbs on the microalga Rhodomonas salina and the planktonic copepod Acartia tonsa. Several endpoints, g̈rowthf̈or R. salina (24 hours of exposure) and ḧatching successänd n̈auplii survivalf̈or A. tonsa (72 hours of exposure), were assessed. A selection of rubber materials (n = 18) was tested, and exposures to different leachate dilutions were conducted with the most toxic leachates to R. salina. Two leachate extraction methods (organic solvent vs. seawater) were compared. The most toxic rubber and the bio-rubber were examined for the copepod tests. The rubber leachates showed a range of median effective concentrations (EC50) from 51.5 to 1088 mg/L. The EC50 values between both extraction methods were of the same order of magnitude. In the copepod tests, hatching success was unaffected. However, recycled black tire crumb caused 100 Also see: https://micro2024.sciencesconf.org/559681/document
More Papers Like This
Assessing the toxicity of recycled rubber and bio-rubber leachates on marine plankton
AI summary Read the abstract
This study tested the acute toxicity of leachates from recycled rubber crumbs and biodegradable bio-rubber alternatives on marine planktonic organisms, providing data needed to assess whether bio-rubbers are safer substitutes for conventional tire-derived materials. Both material types produced toxic leachates, with toxicity levels varying by material composition and leaching conditions.
Chemical composition and ecotoxicity of plastic and car tire rubber leachates to aquatic organisms
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Researchers tested chemical leachates from five types of common plastic and car tire rubber microplastics for their effects on algae and mussels. Car tire rubber and PVC produced the most toxic leachates, containing compounds like benzothiazole and zinc that significantly inhibited algal growth. The study reveals that the chemical additives leaching from degrading plastics may pose a greater immediate risk to aquatic organisms than the physical particles themselves.
What are the toxic components of microplastics? Investigating the overlooked role of particles vs chemical leachates as microplastic toxicity drivers
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Researchers disentangled the toxicological roles of car tire rubber (CTR) particles versus their chemical leachates by exposing early life stages of Atlantic cod to pre-leached CTR particles, 7-day leachate, and pristine CTR, finding that leachate and pristine CTR significantly reduced hatching success and increased mortality while pre-leached particles had no significant effects.
Comparative Toxicity of Micro, Nano, and Leachate Fractions of Three Rubber Materials to Freshwater Species: Zebrafish and Daphnia.
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Researchers compared the toxicity of micro, nano, and leachate fractions of three rubber materials—including tire rubber—to freshwater organisms. Nano-fractions and leachates generally showed higher toxicity than larger rubber particles, with leached chemicals driving much of the observed biological harm.
Toxicity of tyre wear particle leachates to marine phytoplankton
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Researchers tested the acute toxicity of leachates from tyre wear particles on three marine phytoplankton species. The study found that chemical additives leaching from tyre wear particles were toxic to all three species at varying concentrations, with the cryptophyte Rhodomonas salina being the most sensitive, indicating that tyre-derived microplastics pose a risk to the base of marine food webs.
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