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Carta al editor: Los microplásticos en el ecosistema, una concepción emergente sobre un nuevo actor ambiental
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This letter to the editor provides a conceptual overview of microplastics as emerging environmental contaminants, tracing the evolution of the definition since the 1970s and discussing the growing scientific consensus on their threat to ecosystem and human health.
Frente al eventual aumento de contaminantes emergentes en el ecosistema, se hace necesario simplificar el concepto y los alcances de los nuevos contaminantes que toman relevancia este último tiempo. En este sentido los Microplásticos (MPs), se han situado con fuerza estos últimos años como contaminante emergente y antagonista de la salud del ecosistema (Fan et al., 2023). En la década de 1970, el concepto de MPs fue presentado en la comunidad científica como partículas de origen plástico con un tamaño menor a 5 mm (Luo et al., 2018; Rillig y Lehmann, 2020). Posteriormente, se plantearon nuevas diferenciaciones en el concepto, asociadas principalmente al tamaño y origen de la partícula, destacándose el concepto de nanoplástico (Rillig y Lehmann, 2020). Para este momento, ya se habían realizado una notable cantidad de estudios en ecosistemas acuáticos, como los océanos o ríos, no obstante, el interés de la comunidad científica empezó a situarse en otro tipo de ecosistemas y en su posible interacción en ambientes donde se presenta el mayor desarrollo humano, es decir, los ecosistemas terrestres (Rilling, 2012).
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Respuesta a Carta al editor: “Los microplásticos en el ecosistema, una concepción emergente sobre un nuevo actor ambiental”
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This letter responds to a prior editorial on microplastics as emerging environmental contaminants, affirming the importance of clear conceptual frameworks for understanding microplastic impacts on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and calling for continued scientific attention to this growing threat.
Microplásticos, un problema de salud pública emergente
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Researchers conducted an unstructured literature review of microplastic contamination in Ecuador published over the last five years, finding chronological evidence of microplastics in oceans, freshwater, terrestrial ecosystems, air, food, and the human body, and concluding that microplastic pollution requires immediate control measures as a critical public health issue.
Microplastics in the aquatic environment: A look at kinetics, degradation mechanisms, environmental impact, and effects on human health
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This Spanish-language review examines how microplastics enter aquatic ecosystems, how they degrade over time, and what their environmental and human health effects may be. The authors report that microplastics have now reached even pristine environments like the polar regions, and that their ingestion by diverse organisms raises serious questions about long-term ecosystem health. The review highlights the urgent need for better understanding of microplastic toxicity and fate in water bodies.
Microplásticos en ecosistemas acuáticos: una revisión sobre su impacto y gestión
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This literature review analyzes the ecological impact of microplastic pollution in aquatic ecosystems and available management strategies. Researchers found that microplastics affect aquatic organisms through ingestion and bioaccumulation, altering physiological functions and acting as vectors for toxic pollutants and pathogens. While filtration technologies, bioremediation, and regulatory measures have been developed, their effectiveness remains limited and a comprehensive approach combining prevention, mitigation, and stricter policies is needed.
Introduction to Microplastics: Origin, Environmental Pathways, and Impacts on Ecosystems and Human Health
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Researchers introduced the origins, environmental transport pathways, and ecosystem impacts of microplastics, tracing how the non-biodegradable nature of plastics combined with poor waste management has driven pollution of terrestrial, aquatic, and human biological systems.
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