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CHAPTER 1. POLYMER-BASED COMPOSITE MATERIALS (MATERIALS, TECHNOLOGIES, EQUIPMENT, PRODUCTS)
Original title: РОЗДІЛ 1. КОМПОЗИЦІЙНІ МАТЕРІАЛИ НА ОСНОВІ ПОЛІМЕРІВ (МАТЕРІАЛИ, ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ, ОБЛАДНАННЯ, ВИРОБИ)
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Researchers examined microplastic abundance in soils across different land-use types in Istanbul, finding that recreational areas had the highest microplastic concentrations — predominantly fibers — while residential areas showed the lowest levels, with FT-IR analysis revealing diverse polymer types.
Plastic pollution affects ecosystems worldwide, with microplastics (MPs) being a major concern. This study evaluates MP abundance in soils impacted by human activities in different areas in Istanbul. Results indicate recreational areas have the highest MP content, while residential areas have the lowest. Industrial areas have intermediate levels. Particle shapes vary by category, with fibers most prevalent in recreational areas. FT-IR spectrometry analysis identified the types of MPs present, with the recreational areas containing polymers undergoing hydrolysis. The industrial zone’s MP contamination was recent and relatively clean, while the PE plastic in Dilovası showed little weathering.
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Researchers sampled soils across eight land-use types in Karaman, Türkiye, finding microplastic concentrations of 183–1,683 particles per kilogram highest in densely populated residential areas, with polyethylene and polypropylene dominating across all sites and fiber and fragment morphologies reflecting inputs from household waste, agricultural film use, road tire wear, and landfill activity.
A comparative study on the distribution behavior of microplastics through FT-IR analysis on different land uses in agricultural soils
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Researchers compared microplastic distribution in agricultural soils under different land uses, including soil mulching, plastic housing, and sewage sludge composting. Using FT-IR analysis, the study found that plastic particles smaller than 100 micrometers were present across all conditions, highlighting the widespread and persistent nature of microplastic contamination in agricultural environments.
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Researchers applied FTIR-ATR spectroscopy to detect and characterize microplastics in agricultural soil samples from Croatia, identifying polymer types, particle shapes, and size distributions. Multiple polymer types were detected across all sampled fields, with polyethylene and polypropylene most common, and higher contamination levels found near areas with intensive plastic mulch film use.
Microplastics monitoring in different environments: separation, physicochemical characterization, and quantification
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Researchers systematically monitored microplastic contamination across multiple environments including a wastewater treatment plant, surrounding water bodies, and soils near plastic factories, characterizing shape, size, color, and polymer composition via microscopy and FTIR spectroscopy. They found fragments and fibers to be the most common microplastic shapes in water environments and documented simultaneous contamination across all sampled matrices.
An evaluation on microplastic accumulations in Turkish soils under different land uses
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Researchers analyzed 55 soil samples from agricultural and urban areas across three Turkish regions, finding higher microplastic concentrations in agricultural soils (averaging 193 particles/kg) than urban soils, with polyethylene fibers under 1 mm dominating both land use types.
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