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Exploitation of bacterial strains for microplastics (LDPE) biodegradation
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Researchers tested five bacterial strains for their ability to biodegrade low-density polyethylene microplastics over four months. Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed the most significant degradation with an 18.2% weight loss, followed by Bacillus subtilis at 16.1%. The study demonstrates that naturally occurring soil bacteria can break down polyethylene microplastics, suggesting a potential biological approach to addressing plastic waste pollution.
Plastic waste (microplastics) is one of the primary sources of environmental pollutants, serving as a reservoir for them. In this study, previously isolated and screened polymer-degrading bacteria (B. subtilis V8, P. aminophilusB1 4-, P. putida C 2 5, P. aeruginosa V1, and A. calcoaceticus V4) were utilised to examine the biodegradation of LDPE (low-density polyethylene) microplastics. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the physicochemical growth parameters (pH, temperature, and ammonium sulphate concentration). By using the polyphasic approach, including CO estimation, weight loss analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and electrical conductivities examine the plastic biodegradability. After four months, all biodegradable plastic samples were evaluated. When compared to the other tested cultures, P. aeruginosa V1 showed the most significant degradation (COevolution of 8.86 g.l and percentage weight loss of 18.21 %) with increased electrical conductivity, followed by B. subtilis V8 (CO evolution of 8.10 g.l and percentage weight loss of 16.12 %), A. calcoaceticus V4 (CO evolution of 7.21 g.l and percentage weight loss of 15.44 %), P. putida C 2-5 (CO evolution of 5.76 g.l and percentage weight loss of 13.30 %), and P. aminophilus B1 4- (CO evolution of 5.62 g.l and percentage weight loss of 11.72 %). The deteriorated materials' exterior modifications (surface alteration) were also examined using SEM analysis, and the chemical bonding alterations (bond vibration-bending) were determined using FT-IR spectroscopy.
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